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  1. This paper presents a genetic algorithm based hybrid approach for solving a fuzzy multi-objective assignment problem (FMOAP) by using an exponential membership function in which the coefficient of the objectiv...

    Authors: Jayesh M. Dhodiya and Anita Ravi Tailor
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:2028
  2. Sri Lanka has rich cyanobacterial diversity, however, only few studies have been conducted to identify the potential toxin producers in water bodies used for human consumption. As the detection of cyanotoxin i...

    Authors: Harshini M. Liyanage, Dhammika. N. Magana Arachchi and Naduviladath V. Chandrasekaran
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:2026
  3. The permutation transformation of tensors is introduced and its basic properties are discussed. The invariance under permutation transformations is studied for some important structure tensors such as symmetri...

    Authors: Yao-Tang Li, Zheng-Bo Li, Qi-Long Liu and Qiong Liu
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:2023
  4. The aim of this study is to explore the use of lichens as biomonitors of the impact of nickel mining and ore treatment on the atmosphere in the New Caledonian archipelago (South Pacific Ocean); both activities...

    Authors: Camille Pasquet, Pauline Le Monier, Fabrice Monna, Christophe Durlet, Benjamin Brigaud, Rémi Losno, Carmela Chateau, Christine Laporte-Magoni and Peggy Gunkel-Grillon
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:2022
  5. Most smokers have their first experience of cigarette use when they are teenagers (i.e. at schools). Aiming tobacco control initiatives at secondary school students offers preventive measures to eliminate or r...

    Authors: Xianglong Xu, Cheng Chen, Abu S. Abdullah, Lingli Liu, Manoj Sharma, Yaping Li and Yong Zhao
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:2021
  6. This paper considers an improvement of empirical mode decomposition (EMD) in the presence of missing data. EMD has been widely used to decompose nonlinear and nonstationary signals into some components accord...

    Authors: Donghoh Kim and Hee-Seok Oh
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:2016
  7. Guangxi Province in Southeastern China has one of the highest HIV-1 infection and transmission rates in stable couples. However, the mode of transmission at the molecular level has seldom been reported amongst...

    Authors: Nidan Wang, Zhenzhu Tang, Yijia Li, Peiyan Xie and Yiming Shao
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:2015
  8. This paper proposes a performance model for general matrix multiplication (GEMM) on decoupled access/execute (DAE) architecture platforms, in order to guide improvements of the GEMM performance in the Godson-3...

    Authors: Ming Zhang, Naijie Gu and Kaixin Ren
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:2014
  9. Nonunions of the tibia represent challenging orthopedic problems, which require the surgeon to analyze numerous factors and choose an appropriate treatment. This article presents a case report of tibia and fib...

    Authors: Hong-jiang Jiang, Xun-xiang Tan, Hai-yang Ju, Jin-ping Su, Wei Yan, Xiu-gang Song, Li-wu Qin, Chang-jun Ju, Ling-shuang Wang and De-bao Zou
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:2013
  10. This study examined the effectiveness of using Physical Activity Consultation (PAC) as an addition to the standard smoking cessation treatment in Malaysia. We explored participants’ experiences in terms of ph...

    Authors: Yuin Yi Lee, Selina Khoo, Tony Morris, Clare Hanlon, Lei-Hum Wee, Eng Wah Teo and Yuhanis Adnan
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:2012
  11. The recognition of Arabic script and its derivatives such as Urdu, Persian, Pashto etc. is a difficult task due to complexity of this script. Particularly, Urdu text recognition is more difficult due to its Na...

    Authors: Saeeda Naz, Arif Iqbal Umar, Riaz Ahmed, Muhammad Imran Razzak, Sheikh Faisal Rashid and Faisal Shafait
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:2010
  12. Heterophones pose challenges during training of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems because they involve ambiguity in the pronunciation of an orthographic representation of a word. Heterophones are wor...

    Authors: Ashraf Alkhairy and Afshan Jafri
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:2008
  13. Recently, sparse unmixing has been successfully applied to spectral mixture analysis of remotely sensed hyperspectral images. Based on the assumption that the observed image signatures can be expressed in the fo...

    Authors: Junmin Liu, Chunxia Zhang, Jiangshe Zhang, Huirong Li and Yuelin Gao
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:2007
  14. Global software development (GSD) which is a growing trend in the software industry is characterized by a highly distributed environment. Performing software project management (SPM) in such conditions implies...

    Authors: Saad Yasser Chadli, Ali Idri, Joaquín Nicolás Ros, José Luis Fernández-Alemán, Juan M. Carrillo de Gea and Ambrosio Toval
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:2006
  15. Rye is second only to wheat among grains most widely used in the making of bread and is also a very important gene resource for breeding and improvement of wheat and other cereal crops owing to tolerance to ab...

    Authors: Kamil Haliloglu and Murat Aydin
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:2005
  16. Distraction osteogenesis is a method of stimulating the growth of new bone tissue in order to lengthen the extremities or bridge resected bone defects. In addition to the now-established intramedullary proced...

    Authors: Eugen Reitenbach, Robert Rödl, Georg Gosheger, Björn Vogt and Frank Schiedel
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:2003
  17. Underground water is an important natural resource serving as a reliable source of drinking water for many people worldwide, especially in developing countries. Underground water quality needs to be given a pr...

    Authors: Sixtus Bieranye Bayaa Martin Saana, Samuel Asiedu Fosu, Godfred Etsey Sebiawu, Napoleon Jackson and Thomas Karikari
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:2001
  18. Reaction of pentafluoropyridine with 2 or 8-hydroxyl-quinoline under basic conditions in acetonitrile gives 4-oxy quinoline 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoropyridine derivatives in good yields. All the compounds were charac...

    Authors: Khalil Beyki, Malek Taher Maghsoodlou and Reza Heydari
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1996
  19. Contradictory data exist on the association between host interleukin-28B (IL28B) rs12979860 genotype and liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). This large, international, observational study (...

    Authors: Alessandra Mangia, Victor De Ledinghen, François Bailly, Javier Brahm, Jazeps Keiss, Jonas Valantinas, Nele Rasmann, Diethelm Messinger, Fernando Tatsch, Georgios Bakalos and Graham R. Foster
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1990
  20. With the continuous expansion of the cloud computing platform scale and rapid growth of users and applications, how to efficiently use system resources to improve the overall performance of cloud computing has...

    Authors: Xiuze Zhou, Fan Lin, Lvqing Yang, Jing Nie, Qian Tan, Wenhua Zeng and Nian Zhang
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1989
  21. Herein, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of intra-arterial mild hypothermia in combination with arterial thrombolysis to treat acute cerebral infarction due to middle cerebral artery occlusion.

    Authors: Xiaoxiang Peng, Yue Wan, Wenjun Liu, Bitang Dan, Li Lin and Zhouping Tang
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1988
  22. Presented in this paper is a rigorous solution of the conventional Terzaghi one-dimensional consolidation under haversine cyclic loading with any rest period. The clay deposit is either permeable at both top a...

    Authors: Nina Müthing, Sabah S. Razouki, Maria Datcheva and Tom Schanz
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1987
  23. Rock phosphate (RP) addition in cow-dung waste-paper mixtures at rates above 2% P has been reported to increase the rate of bio-transformation and humification of organic waste mixtures during vermicomposting ...

    Authors: F. O. Unuofin, M. Siswana and E. N. Cishe
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1986
  24. This study investigated the potential effect of climate changes on stormwater pollution runoff characteristics and the treatment efficiency of a stormwater retention pond in a 95 ha catchment in Denmark. An in...

    Authors: Anitha Kumari Sharma, Luca Vezzaro, Heidi Birch, Karsten Arnbjerg-Nielsen and Peter Steen Mikkelsen
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1984
  25. Due to the adverse effects of cemented hip arthroplasty, uncemented stems with hydroxyapatite (HA) coating reduces these risks and enhanced integration. The concept of an extensive HA coating for the fixation...

    Authors: Jianda Xu, Zikang Xie, Jianning Zhao, Yi Gao, Hong Zhao, Libo Peng and Yuxing Qu
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1983
  26. Fuzzy graphs are the backbone of many real systems like networks, image, scheduling, etc. But, due to some restriction on edges, fuzzy graphs are limited to represent for some systems. Generalized fuzzy graphs...

    Authors: Sovan Samanta, Biswajit Sarkar, Dongmin Shin and Madhumangal Pal
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1979
  27. This work presents the application of several our own novel methods of analysing the kinetics of plant growth, which create, among others, a common platform for the comparison of experimental results. A relati...

    Authors: Mariusz Pietruszka and Aleksandra Haduch-Sendecka
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1978
  28. Sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus) are an imperiled fauna exposed to a variety of environmental condition such as salinity and studies are urgently needed to assess their effects to guide aquaculture efforts....

    Authors: Chenfan Geng, Yi Tian, Yanpeng Shang, Liqiang Wang, Yanan Jiang and Yaqing Chang
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1977
  29. Anal stricture is a disabling condition which is often unresponsive to conservative medical management. The complications of surgical procedures such as dilatations and anoplasty make it a formidable treatmen...

    Authors: Vijaypal Arya, Shikha Singh, Shashank Agarwal and Arjun Ohri
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1976
  30. Lumbar disc disease has a disabling impact on global people with heavy burden on society, mainly consisting of lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) and lumbar disc herniation (LDH). The recently released lumbar disc...

    Authors: Jun Zhang, Fei Zhao, Feng-Liang Wang, Yong-Feng Yang, Chen Zhang, Yue Cao, You-Lin Wang, Xiao-Juan Shi, Yi Wan, Min Zhang, Meng-Qiao Liu, Chun-Guang Zuo and Hai-Qiang Wang
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1973
  31. Psychiatric diseases severely affect the quality of patients’ lives and bring huge economic pressure to their families. Also, the great phenotypic variability among these patients makes it difficult to investi...

    Authors: Wenlong Zhao, Wenjing Yang, Shuanglin Zheng, Qiong Hu, Ping Qiu, Xinghua Huang, Xiaoqian Hong and Fenghua Lan
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1967