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  1. Actinic keratosis (AK) is a cutaneous intraepithelial neoplasm appearing within areas referred as ‘fields of cancerization’. AK can progress to invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Treatments that target both cli...

    Authors: Ivan Bobyr, Anna Campanati, Veronica Consales, Katia Giuliodori, Alessandro Scalise and Annamaria Offidani
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:627
  2. Heat collection rate and heat loss coefficient are crucial indicators for the evaluation of in service water-in-glass evacuated tube solar water heaters. However, the direct determination requires complex dete...

    Authors: Zhijian Liu, Hao Li, Xindong Tang, Xinyu Zhang, Fan Lin and Kewei Cheng
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:626
  3. Luminal B breast tumors have aggressive clinical and biological features, and constitute the most heterogeneous molecular subtype, both clinically and molecularly. Unfortunately, the immunohistochemistry corre...

    Authors: Naiara G. Bediaga, Elena Beristain, Borja Calvo, María A. Viguri, Borja Gutierrez-Corres, Ricardo Rezola, Irune Ruiz-Diaz, Isabel Guerra and Marian M. de Pancorbo
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:623
  4. Survivin is a newly found member of the inhibitors of apoptosis proteins, which plays a certain role in cancer. Survivin has a distinctly different expression in cancers, including prostate cancer. We are sear...

    Authors: Mansooreh Eslami, Tahere Khamechian, Tahere Mazoochi, Hasan Ehteram, Mojtaba Sehat and Javad Alizargar
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:621
  5. Family caregivers are the backbone of the healthcare system. Over time, caregiving takes a tremendous toll on the caregiver. This is particularly true for caregivers who (1) provide >21 h of care/week, and/or ...

    Authors: Suzette Brémault-Phillips, Jasneet Parmar, Melissa Johnson, Arlene Huhn, Anna Mann, Victoria Tian and Lori-Ann R. Sacrey
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:620
  6. Adult skeletal tissue is composed of heterogeneous population of cells that constantly self-renew by means of a controlled process of activation and proliferation of tissue-resident stem cells named satellite ...

    Authors: José E. Belizário, Cibely C. Fontes-Oliveira, Janaina Padua Borges, Janete Akemi Kashiabara and Edouard Vannier
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:619
  7. We aimed to assess the usefulness of positron emission tomography (PET) using the amino acid tracer L-3-[18F] fluoro-alpha-methyl tyrosine (FAMT) in detecting metastatic liver lesions compared with 2-[18F]-flu...

    Authors: Sayaka Kodaira, Takahito Nakajima, Yukiko Arisaka, Azusa Tokue, Tetsuya Higuchi and Yoshito Tsushima
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:618
  8. The 2014 FIFA World Cup was held in Brazil, where the climatic conditions presented a significant thermoregulatory and perceptual challenge to those unfamiliar with the heat and humidity.

    Authors: A. D. Ruddock, S. W. Thompson, S. A. Hudson, C. A. James, O. R. Gibson and J. A. Mee
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:617
  9. The administration of l-arginine hydrochloride has been used for testing pituitary secretion in humans, and as an experimental model for induction of acute pancreatitis in rats and mice. Whereas in the first case...

    Authors: Asunción Cremades, Jesús del Rio-Garcia, Ana Lambertos, Carlos López-Garcia and Rafael Peñafiel
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:616
  10. Scientists play an important role in modern society. However, only a small number of their psychological characteristics, such as personality traits, have been investigated; hence, further investigation is req...

    Authors: Wataru Sato
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:613
  11. Abnormally increased skeletal-muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase (MG53) is associated with the inhibition of insulin signalling and insulin resistance (IR) in animal models. Four community-based studies of Ha...

    Authors: Song Yang, Hailong Zhao, Kuangfeng Xu, Yun Qian, Ming Wu, Tao Yang, Yanchun Chen, Xianghai Zhao, Jinfeng Chen, Jinbo Wen, Zhibing Hu, Harvest F. Gu, Hongbing Shen and Chong Shen
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:612
  12. The study highlights the dynamics and morphological characteristics of the Genus Planktoniella Schutt. The two available species P. sol (Wallich) Schutt. and P. blanda (Schmidt) Syvertsen and Hasle are important ...

    Authors: Sanoyaz Sekh, Biswajit Biswas, Manjushree Mandal and Neera Sen Sarkar
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:611
  13. Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, is one of the world’s worst air-polluted cities, but effects of this air pollution on the population health status have not yet been evaluated. Therefore, we developed a Mongolian versio...

    Authors: Motoyuki Nakao, Keiko Yamauchi, Yoko Ishihara, Bandi Solongo, Dashtseren Ichinnorov and Raoul Breugelmans
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:607
  14. Acute obstructive cholangitis (AOC) is a severe disease that leads to sepsis, shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Liver is the largest and the major organ for the defense mechanisms during the sepsi...

    Authors: Akanand Singh, Kang Yang, Zuojin Liu and Jianping Gong
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:606
  15. Leaf spot was found on field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) in Shihezi City, Xinjiang Province, China, during the summer of 2015. Pathogens were isolated from the infected leaves of field bindweed and identif...

    Authors: Xuekun Zhang, Hui Xi, Kejian Lin, Zheng Liu, Yu Yu, Yan Sun and Jing Zhao
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:605
  16. Influenza viruses may cause severe acute respiratory illness among human population. People of densely populated areas, e.g., slum, are mostly affected by influenza viruses. Although potential vaccines to infl...

    Authors: Sabita Rezwana Rahman, Md Firoz Ahmed, Mohammad Ariful Islam and Md. Majibur Rahman
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:602
  17. Staphylococcus aureus is an increasing problem in clinical practice because of reduced susceptibility to available antibiotics. The objective of the study was to determine the frequency o...

    Authors: Asad Ullah, Muhammad Qasim, Hazir Rahman, Jafar Khan, Mohammad Haroon, Niaz Muhammad, Abdullah Khan and Noor Muhammad
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:600
  18. Massive bone defects of the acetabulum with pelvic discontinuity are one of the major problems in revision total hip arthroplasty. Several techniques have been described for repair of acetabular defect; howeve...

    Authors: Yasuo Kokubo, Hisashi Oki, Naoto Takeura, Kohei Negoro, Kenichi Takeno, Tsuyoshi Miyazaki, Daisuke Sugita and Hideaki Nakajima
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:597
  19. Microbial degradation of lignin releases fermentable sugars, effective utilization of which could support biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass. In the present study, a lignin-degrading bacterium was...

    Authors: Hironaga Akita, Zen-ichiro Kimura, Mohd Zulkhairi Mohd Yusoff, Nobutaka Nakashima and Tamotsu Hoshino
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:596
  20. Microbial degradation of keratinous wastes is preferred over physicochemical methods as the latter is costlier and not eco-friendly. Novel habitats are promising for discovery of new microbial strains. Towards...

    Authors: Pintubala Kshetri and Debananda S. Ningthoujam
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:595
  21. Human protection of telomeres 1 (POT1) gene is a single stranded telomere binding proteins with a critical role in ensuring chromosome stability. There have been variants of POT1 gene, and the polymorphisms of PO...

    Authors: Sihua Wang, Xiaoran Duan, Tuanwei Wang, Xiaolei Feng, Pengpeng Wang, Wu Yao, Yongjun Wu, Yiming Wu, Zhen Yan, Feifei Feng, Songcheng Yu and Wei Wang
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:592
  22. A simple and high efficient way for the synthesis of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was developed by using engineered Escherichia coli as whole-cell biocatalyst from l-glutamic acid (l-Glu). Codon optimization o...

    Authors: Chongrong Ke, Xinwei Yang, Huanxin Rao, Wenchao Zeng, Meirong Hu, Yong Tao and Jianzhong Huang
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:591
  23. Although South Korean mountain villages occupy 44 and 55 % of land and forest areas, respectively, these villages account for only 3 % of the national population and they suffer from a declining workforce owin...

    Authors: Soo Im Choi, Hag Mo Kang, Hyun Kim, Chang Heon Lee and Chong Kyu Lee
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:589
  24. The optimal length of proximal margin for Siewert type II/III adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEJ) is still need to be clarified. The aim of the present study was to investigate the appropriate...

    Authors: Fan Feng, Yangzi Tian, Guanghui Xu, Shushang Liu, Zhen Liu, Gaozan Zheng, Man Guo, Xiao Lian, Daiming Fan and Hongwei Zhang
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:588
  25. The aim of this study is to identify, quantify, and characterize the international experiences available for general surgery residents in the general surgery residency programs in the United States (US).

    Authors: Filipe A. Sobral, Alexis N. Bowder, Lynette Smith, Advaitaa Ravipati, Melissa K. Suh and Chandrakanth Are
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:586
  26. In this work, liquid colour-changing lenses for vision protection, camouflage and optical filtering are developed by circulating colour liquids through microfluidic channels on the lenses manually. Soft lithog...

    Authors: Min Zhang and Songjing Li
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:580
  27. Changes in the areola size after reconstruction of the nipple-areola complex (NAC) following mastectomy and breast reconstruction with a silicon implant in primary breast cancer patients have not been well exa...

    Authors: Naomi Nagura-Inomata, Yoshiko Iwahira, Naoki Hayashi, Takako Komiya and Osamu Takahashi
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:579
  28. A simulation study of a Cu(In1 − xGax)Se2 (CIGS) thin film solar cell has been carried out with maximum efficiency of 24.27 % (Voc = 0.856 V, Jsc = 33.09 mA/cm2 and FF = 85.73 %). This optimized efficiency is obt...

    Authors: Md. Asaduzzaman, Mehedi Hasan and Ali Newaz Bahar
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:578
  29. Fibroma of tendon sheath in planta is comparatively rare, and its differentiate diagnose, tumour features, treatment and complications were lack of retrospective study in clinics.

    Authors: Hui Lu, Qiang Chen, Hui Shen, Xiang-qian Shen and Shou-cheng Wu
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:575
  30. Septoplastical surgery to correct septum deviation can be performed under either local or general anesthesia. During local anesthesia, sedation helps to provide minimum anxiety/discomfort. Our aim was to eval...

    Authors: Başak Akça, Ayhan Arslan, Aysun Ankay Yılbaş, Özgür Canbay and Nalan Çelebi
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:572
  31. The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in Southern Europe is poorly understood and its identification is essential for the design of appropriate prevention policies. The prevalence of C. trachomatis in...

    Authors: Luis Piñeiro, Arantza Lekuona, Gustavo Cilla, Izaskun Lasa, Laura-Pilar Martinez-Gallardo, Javier Korta and Emilio Pérez-Trallero
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:566