Muscle free amino acid profiles are related to differences in skeletal muscle growth between single and twin ovine fetuses near term

Sales, Francisco; Pacheco, David; Blair, Hugh; Kenyon, Paul; McCoard, Sue

doi:10.1186/2193-1801-2-483

SpringerPlus

Table 2 Free amino acid concentration in semitendinosus muscle: main effects and two way interactions

From: Muscle free amino acid profiles are related to differences in skeletal muscle growth between single and twin ovine fetuses near term

	Rank				Rank x Size						Rank x Nutrition
	Single	Twin	LSD	P	H-S	H-T	L-S	L-T	LSD	P	A-S	A-T	M-S	M-T	LSD	P
Essential amino acids
L-Histidine	213	249	38	0.07	213	237	213	260	54	0.56	212	251	214	246	54	0.84
L-Leucine	56	45	8	0.01	57	46	55	44	11	0.95	55	47	57	43	11	0.48
L-Lysine	82	101	18	0.04	95	98	69	104	26	0.09	88	102	75	100	26	0.52
L-Methionine	45	76	8	<0.001	45	72	46	80	12	0.39	47	83	44	69	12	0.24
L-Phenylalanine	45	44	7	0.85	44	44	46	45	9	0.94	43	47	47	42	9	0.18
L-Threonine	1163	892	143	<0.001	1110	832	1217	952	203	0.93	1237	831	1090	953	203	0.07
L-Valine	159	102	19	<0.001	147	83	171	120	27	0.49	163	109	155	94	27	0.71
Total EAA	1,654	1,467	93	0.05	1,572	1,347	1,735	1,588	131	0.68	1,726	1,442	1,581	1,492	131	0.30
Non essential amino acids
L-Alanine	2292	2170	184	0.19	2316	2176	2268	2164	260	0.85	2265^ab	2329^a	2319^a	2011^b	260	0.05
L-Arginine²	392	274	44	<0.001	417^a	251^b	366^a	298^a	62	0.03	401	251	382	298	62	0.14
L-Aspartic Acid	380	269	48	<0.001	299	194	461	344	68	0.80	482^a	323^b	278^bc	215^c	68	0.05
L-Carnosine	1252	1256	162	0.97	1352	1251	1152	1260	229	0.20	1282	1406	1222	1106	229	0.14
L-Citrulline	78	69	14	0.16	67	53	90	84	19	0.52	81	63	76	74	19	0.22
L-Cystathionine	200	158	51	0.11	179	127	220	189	72	0.69	147	133	253	183	72	0.27
L-Glutamic acid	1271	1521	184	0.01	1337^a	1220^a	1205^a	1821^b	261	<0.001	1264	1523	1278	1518	261	0.92
L-Glutamine¹	3165	3075	305	0.56	3156	2624	3173	3527	431	<0.001	3252	3408	3077	2743	431	0.11
L-Glycine	1969	2482	272	<0.001	1927	2831	2011	2133	384	0.01	1866	2504	2072	2460	384	0.36
L-Ornithine	89	106	14	0.02	98	109	80	102	20	0.42	86	95	91	116	20	0.30
L-Proline	341	304	53	0.17	361^a	270^b	321^ab	338^ab	74	0.05	335	265	346	343	74	0.21
L-Serine	1090	1453	191	<0.001	1174	1497	1006	1408	270	0.68	1063	1442	1117	1463	270	0.86
L-Taurine	5985	6371	674	0.26	5644	5908	6327	6834	953	0.72	5836	6387	6135	6354	953	0.62
L-Tyrosine¹	61	56	8	0.27	55	55	66	58	12	0.33	58	50	64	62	12	0.54
Total NEAA	18,357	19,234	448	0.05	18,150	18,439	18,564	20,029	633	0.19	18,200	19,735	18,513	18,733	633	0.15
TOTAL	20,054	20,767	471	0.14	19,768	19,854	20,341	21,679	666	0.19	19,963	21,238	20,146	20,295	666	0.24

¹Refer to Table 1 due to the existence of a three way interaction.
²Deemed as conditionally essential (Wu 2009).
Rank effect (Single (S) vs. Twin (T)), two way interaction between pregnancy rank and maternal size (Heavy (H) vs. Light (L)) and between pregnancy rank and plane of nutrition (Ad libitum (A) vs. Maintenance (M)) for the concentration (nmol/g wet tissue) of FAA in M. semitendinosus of fetuses at 140 days gestation. Values are expressed as least square mean (LSM). The average of the difference of the least square means (LSD, α = 0.05) is presented.

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