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  1. Influenza viruses are divided into three types, A, B, and C. Human influenza A and B viruses can cause seasonal epidemics, but influenza C causes only a mild respiratory illness. Influenza A virus can infect ...

    Authors: Yingjie Zhang, Qiqi Liu, Dou Wang, Suhong Chen, Xiaobo Wang and Shengqi Wang
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1871
  2. The purpose of this study was to determine favorable physical activities, by intensity, type, and frequency that would serve to minimize the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. A total of 24,178 individuals part...

    Authors: Junga Lee, Yoonmyung Kim and Justin Y. Jeon
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1870
  3. Authors: Hiroshi Hamajima, Haruka Matsunaga, Ayami Fujikawa, Tomoya Sato, Susumu Mitsutake, Teruyoshi Yanagita, Koji Nagao, Jiro Nakayama and Hiroshi Kitagaki
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1869

    The original article was published in SpringerPlus 2016 5:1321

  4. This study reports novel hybrid computational methods for the solutions of nonlinear singular Lane–Emden type differential equation arising in astrophysics models by exploiting the strength of unsupervised neu...

    Authors: Iftikhar Ahmad, Muhammad Asif Zahoor Raja, Muhammad Bilal and Farooq Ashraf
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1866
  5. In this paper, we introduce fuzzy rank functions for groupoids, and we investigate their roles in the semigroup of binary systems by using the notions of right parallelisms and ...

    Authors: Hee Sik Kim, J. Neggers and Keum Sook So
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1865
  6. Samples of 226 new improved and 21 indigenous rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties were collected from the rice fields in three climatic zones of Sri Lanka and concentrations of 18 trace elements (Li, B, Al, Cr, Mn, ...

    Authors: Saranga Diyabalanage, Thamara Navarathna, Hemalika T. K. Abeysundara, Sanath Rajapakse and Rohana Chandrajith
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1864
  7. The Lomax distribution (Pareto Type-II) is widely applicable in reliability and life testing problems in engineering as well as in survival analysis as an alternative distribution. In this paper, Weighted Loma...

    Authors: N. M. Kilany
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1862
  8. Docetaxel has been the standard first-line therapy in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer. The survival benefit is, however, limited by either primary or acquired resistance. In this study, Du145 ...

    Authors: Yuanjun Ma, Yali Miao, Zhuochun Peng, Johanna Sandgren, Teresita Díaz De Ståhl, Mikael Huss, Lena Lennartsson, Yanling Liu, Monica Nistér, Sten Nilsson and Chunde Li
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1861

    The Erratum to this article has been published in SpringerPlus 2016 5:2084

  9. ‘Jones Hybrid’ hickory is an accession in the National Collection of Genetic Resources for Pecans and Hickories for which information about origin, identity and characteristics is very incomplete. Phenotypic a...

    Authors: L. J. Grauke, M. Azucena Mendoza-Herrera, David M. Stelly and Patricia E. Klein
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1860
  10. In this communication, we describe the Homotopy Perturbation Method with Laplace Transform (LT-HPM), which is used to solve the Lane–Emden type differential equations. It’s very difficult to solve numerically ...

    Authors: Rajnee Tripathi and Hradyesh Kumar Mishra
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1859
  11. Numerous techniques have been introduced for the treatment of acute acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocation. We aim to report the midterm results of coracoclavicular (CC) stabilization with double augmentatio...

    Authors: Sungwook Choi, Tong-Joo Lee, Myung-Ku Kim, Ji Eun Park and Hyunseong Kang
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1858
  12. This study was designed to investigate the effect of BMSCs transfected BMP-2 composite with magnesium alloy rod in the repair of the femoral head necrosis in New Zealand white rabbits. Multifactorial but mostl...

    Authors: Kaka A. A. Katiella, Zhang Yanru and Zhang Hui
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1857
  13. Small giant clam, Tridacna maxima, widely distributed from French Polynesia to East Africa, has faced population declines due to over-exploitation. Comoros islands are an important biogeographic region due to po...

    Authors: Nadjim Ahmed Mohamed, Qian Yu, Mohamed Ibrahim Chanfi, Yangping Li, Shi Wang, Xiaoting Huang and Zhenmin Bao
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1852

    The Erratum to this article has been published in SpringerPlus 2016 5:2017

  14. In our previous studies, we discovered a series of chalcone-based phytopathogenic fungus inhibitors. However, knowledge of their effects, detailed targets and molecular mechanisms in Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryza...

    Authors: Hui Chen, Xiaoyun Wang, Hong Jin, Rui Liu and Taiping Hou
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1851
  15. Designs leading to maximize the use of sun radiation of a given reflective area without increasing the expense on investment are important to solar power plants construction. We here provide a method that allo...

    Authors: Jinshan Xu, Shaocong Gan, Song Li, Zhongyuan Ruan, Shengyong Chen, Yong Wang, Changgui Gui and Bin Wan
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1850
  16. Our scientific view on climate change adaptation (CCA) is unsatisfying in many ways: It is often dominated by a modernistic perspective of planned pro-active adaptation, with a selective focus on measures dire...

    Authors: Heidelinde Grüneis, Marianne Penker and Karl-Michael Höferl
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1848
  17. Small cell carcinoma/neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNEC) of the oropharynx is uncommon. Two cases of SCNEC in an 81-year-old woman and in a 54-year-old man are presented here.

    Authors: Kiyoshi Misawa, Hideya Kawasaki, Rieko Matsuo, Kenichi Sugiyama, Daiki Mochizuki, Shiori Endo, Atushi Imai, Yuki Misawa, Takashi Yamatodani, Kunihiro Mizuta and Hiroyuki Mineta
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1847
  18. Sorption and biodegradation are the primary processes of organic pollution remediation in aquatic and soil/sediment environments. While researchers have substantially reported their findings regarding these pr...

    Authors: Bao Son Trinh, Brian Reid and Kevin Hiscock
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1842
  19. In most patients with secundum atrial septal defects (ASD), transcatheter closure is the preferred treatment strategy, but whether device size affects clinical outcomes is unknown. We sought to study the effic...

    Authors: Matthias R. Meyer, David J. Kurz, Alain M. Bernheim, Oliver Kretschmar and Franz R. Eberli
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1841
  20. Frozen shoulder is a disease in which shoulder becomes stiff. Accurate diagnosis of frozen shoulder is helpful in providing economical and effective treatment for patients. This research provides the classific...

    Authors: Humaira Batool, M. Usman Akram, Fouzia Batool and Wasi Haider Butt
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1840
  21. The Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) is a new patient-reported instrument, which measures symptoms related to Central Sensitivity Syndromes and Central Sensitization. The aim of this study was to translat...

    Authors: Antonio Ignacio Cuesta-Vargas, Cristina Roldan-Jimenez, Randy Neblett and Robert J. Gatchel
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1837
  22. In this article, a novel and accurate scheme for fault detection, classification and fault distance estimation for a fixed series compensated transmission line is proposed. The proposed scheme is based on arti...

    Authors: Piyush Khadke, Nita Patne, Arvind Singh and Gulab Shinde
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1834
  23. Our purpose is to examine the relationship of Health related quality of life measured by EORTC QLQc30, QLQ-LC13; FACT-L, LCSS, Eq5D) with survival in advanced lung cancer patients. A total of 299 Lung Cancer (...

    Authors: Sultan Eser, Tuncay Göksel, Ahmet Emin Erbaycu, Hakan Baydur, Burcu Başarık, Ayşen Öz Yanık, Kader Kıyar Gürsul, Pınar Çelik, Ebru Çakır Ediz, Osman Hatipoğlu, Bedriye Atay Yayla, Sevin Başer and Erhan Eser
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1833
  24. Measurement of small bowel length (SBL) is a common procedure in gastrointestinal surgery. When required, repeated SBL measurements can be done during surgery. Our aim was to evaluate whether these repeated me...

    Authors: Servet Karagul, Cuneyt Kayaalp, Serdar Kirmizi, Ali Tardu, Ismail Ertugrul, Kerem Tolan and Fatih Sumer
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1828
  25. The present paper is devoted to infinite order decompositions of C*-algebras. It is proved that an infinite order decomposition (IOD) of a C*-algebra forms the complexification of an order unit space, and, if ...

    Authors: Arzikulov Farhodjon Nematjonovich
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1827
  26. Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 (SOCS3) gene belongs to SOCS family as one of the negative regulators of cytokine signaling and IFN response that function via the JAK-STAT pathway in antiviral response. SOC...

    Authors: Rabia Aslam, Syed Mohsin Raza, Humeira Naeemi, Bushra Mubarak, Nadeem Afzal and Saba Khaliq
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1826
  27. Because most transient transformation techniques are inadequate for functional genomics research in roots, we aimed to develop a simple and efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transient transformation system that ut...

    Authors: Lihua Zhong, Yuepeng Zhang, Houcheng Liu, Guangwen Sun, Riyuan Chen and Shiwei Song
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1825
  28. The microbial β-mannanases have been increasingly exploited for bioconversion of biomass materials and various potential industrial applications, such as bleaching of softwood pulps, scouring and desizing, food a...

    Authors: Jingping Ge, Renpeng Du, Dan Zhao, Gang Song, Man Jin and Wenxiang Ping
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1824
  29. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a zoonotic viral disease with high mortality. The agent causing CCHF is a Nairovirus. The virus is typically transmitted to humans through tick bites. CCHF is a life-t...

    Authors: Turan Aktaş, Fatma Aktaş, Zafer Özmen, Ayşegül Altunkaş, Turan Kaya and Osman Demir
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1823
  30. Blackleg is one of the major bacterial infections causing tremendous economic losses to cattle herders in many parts of Ethiopia. Despite the huge burden, no comprehensive studies have quantified the impact or...

    Authors: Birhanu Ayele, Worku Tigre and Benti Deressa
    Citation: SpringerPlus 2016 5:1822