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Table 4 Wasting, underweight and stunting of infants by complementary feeding indicators, socio-demographic and maternal and child characteristics

From: Complementary feeding practices among mothers and nutritional status of infants in Akpabuyo Area, Cross River State Nigeria

Complementary feeding indicators Nutritional status of infants 6–11 months
Wasting Underweight Stunting
% Total p % Total p % Total p
Introduction of solid, semi-solid or soft foods
 Met 50.0 129 0.032 32.6 135 0.835 20.0 135 0.043
 Not met 25.6 18   30.4 23   39.1 23  
Minimum dietary diversity
 Met 25.0 96 0.387 23.8 101 0.011 16.8 101 0.042
 Not met 29.8 208   38.2 220   27.3 220  
Minimum meal frequency
 Met 29.2 192 0.839 34.0 200 0.931 20.5 200 0.036
 Not met 28.0 107   34.5 116   31.0 116  
Minimum acceptable diet
 Met 27.1 70 0.793 25.7 74 0.038 14.9 74 0.036
 Not met 28.8 233   36.0 247   26.7 247  
Bottle feeding
 Yes 26.5 199 0.564 31.2 112 0.469 25.0 112 0.791
 No 29.6 102   35.2 207   23.7 207  
Milk feeding frequency for non-breastfed child
 Met 0.0 2 0.434 0.0 3 0.356 33.3 3 0.584
 Not met 23.7 38   22.5 40   20.0 40  
Hand washing with soap before feeding child
 Yes 20.8 173 0.029 28.9 173 0.062 25.4 173 0.574
 No 32.9 158   38.6 158   22.8 158  
Diarrhoea in the last 2 weeks
 Yes 36.4 129 0.016 38.0 129 0.151 22.5 129 0.550
 No 20.4 201   30.3 201   25.4 201  
Vitamins, minerals, supplements hospital medicine offered in the previous 7 days
 Yes 26.4 163 0.283 35.0 163 0.640 23.3 163 0.674
 No 26.5 166   32.5 166   25.3 166  
Child sick in the previous 1 month
 Yes 29.8 161 0.187 41.0 161 0.004 23.6 161 0.865
 No 23.8 168   26.2 168   24.4 168  
Mother sick in the previous 1 month
 Yes 19.8 116 0.060 30.2 116 0.369 31.0 116 0.004
 No 29.9 211   35.1 211   20.9 211  
Child ever immunised
 Yes 26.3 327 0.931 33.3 327 1.000 24.2 327 0.670
 No 33.3 6   33.3 6   16.7 6  
Mother’s age
 <20 17.5 40 0.205 25.5 40 0.067 22.5 40 0.751
 20–30 25.2 218   30.7 218   22.5 218  
 >30 36.5 63   44.4 63   27.0 63  
Marital status
 Single 16.5 19 0.000 30.4 79 0.712 24.1 79 0.729
 Married 29.6 250   34.4 250   24.0 250  
 Separated 50.0 2   50.0 2   0.0 2  
Mother’s level of education
 None 31.0 42 0.750 40.5 42 0.199 23.8 42 0.922
 Primary 29.0 107   38.3 107   26.2 107  
 Secondary 25.0 160   30.0 160   22.5 160  
 More than secondary 16.7 24   20.8 24   25.0 24  
Mother’s occupation
 Professional/Specialist 0.0 2 0.000 0.0 2 0.001 0.0 2 0.401
 Civil servant 11.1 18   5.6 18   5.6 18  
 Farmer 44.7 38   57.9 38   57.9 38  
 Housewife/Unemployed 19.8 91   29.7 91   29.7 91  
 Student 21.7 48   32.6 46   32.6 46  
 Trader 33.3 102   38.2 102   38.2 102  
 Others 19.4 36   19.4 36   19.4 36  
Place of work
 Work at home 39.0 59 0.272 32.2 59 0466 15.3 59 0.148
 Work outside home 29.2 130   37.7 130   24.6 130  
Mothers income (Naira)
 ≤10,000 44.7 47 0.000 48.9 47 0.008 23.4 47 0.195
 10,001–20,000 32.6 43   37.2 43   27.9 43  
 20,001–30000 5.6 18   11.1 18   5.6 18  
 30,001–40000 20.0 5   0.0 5   0.0 5  
 40,001–50,000 14.3 7   14.3 7   0.0 7  
 >50,000 0.0 5   0.0 5   20.0 5  
Number of people in household
 <5 26.7 135 0.447 25.9 135 0.069 24.4 135 0.890
 5–9 26.7 187   38.0 187   23.2 187  
 >9 10.0 10   40.0 10   24.2 10  
Parity
 1 20.0 105 0.132 23.8 105 0.003 19.0 105 0.219
 2 21.7 85   27.7 83   22.9 83  
 ≥3 33.3 144   43.1 114   28.5 144  
Child’s gender
 Male 34.7 167 0.006 44.3 167 0.000 28.1 167 0.078
 Female 18.1 166   22.3 116   19.9 144  
Child’s age (months)
 6–8 27.0 211 0.652 32.7 211 0.826 19.4 211 0.033
 9–11 26.1 122   35.1 122   32.4 122  
Birth order of child
 First 18.8 101 0.002 23.8 101 0.005 20.8 101 0.069
 Second 23.1 91   30.8 91   23.1 91  
 Third 18.0 50   30.0 50   20.0 50  
 Fourth 55.6 27   55.6 27   14.8 27  
 >Fourth 37.5 64   45.3 64   37.5 64  
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