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Table 7 Recorded slumps of the samples using the first recipe (unit:mm)

From: Use of a 10.22 m diameter EPB shield: a case study in Beijing subway construction

BIR of the 8% bentonite slurry (%)

4.0

6.0

8.0

FIR of the foam liquid (5% of Concn and 10 of FER) (%)

 10

105

140

179

 15

124

166

199

 30

151

189

215

FIR of the foam liquid (5% of Concn and 12 of FER) (%)

 10

102

137

175

 15

117

165

192

 30

143

185

211

FIR of the foam liquid (5% of Concn and 15 of FER) (%)

 10

98

130

164

 15

103

138

176

 30

118

155

190

  1. The italics in the tables present the results with the most appropriate FER of the foam liquid