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Table 2 Overview of CCA actions in Tyrolean mountain agriculture

From: The full spectrum of climate change adaptation: testing an analytical framework in Tyrolean mountain agriculture (Austria)

No.

CCA action

Connection to CCA

No.

CCA action

Connection to CCA

1

Extended mountain grazing

Extension of the vegetation period requires adaptation of the grazing management

16

Gene bank of the province of Tyrol

See 9

2

Drought tolerant varieties for grasslands

Droughts require tolerant varieties to minimize losses

17

Initiative for climate protection and domestic food

Raising awareness for regional food helps to strengthen “climate-adaptive-friendly” products

3

Hail-nets

Hail-nets protect sensitive crops from hail damages

18

“Tiroggl”—regional rye bread

See 2

4

Low-input systems

Changing global conditions lead to price volatilities. Thus, farms which are more independent of external resources (e.g. fodder) are more resilient to the impacts of CC

19

“Fisser Gerste”—regional barley cultivation and marketing

Ancient grains have a broad diversity of genetic resources, which can contribute to adaptation

5

Organic farming

Organic farming is better adapted to climate change in some aspects (e.g. humus content of the soil)

20

“LEBA” association for information, consultation and marketing of regional, organic products

Organic farming is better adapted to climate change in some aspects. Moreover, awareness raising of customers towards “climate-adaptive friendly” products is essential to create a demand for such products

6

“Schmatzi”—awareness raising for young children

Raising awareness for domestic food among the youngest helps to strengthen “climate-adaptive-friendly” products

21

Tyrolean mountain pasture pig

One CCA measure is to preserve mountain pastures. Developing innovative products that achieve an added value from the pastures can make an important contribution

7

“School on the farm”

Raising awareness for domestic food among children helps to strengthen “climate-adaptive-friendly” products

22

Quality Tyrol—direct marketing of domestic products

Creating regional sales opportunities reduces farmers’ dependencies on retail chains and exports. This makes the farmers more resilient when global conditions change

8

Sustainability prize

Sustainable producing farms are in many aspects better adapted to CC. Hence, raising awareness in this field is fundamental

23

Project: “Almleben”—strengthening added values and economic performances on mountain pastures

See 22

9

Project: CereAlps—collection, and preservation of landraces

Ancient grains have a broad diversity of genetic resources, which can contribute to adaptation

24

“Bio vom Berg”—producer-owned brand for organic products from Tyrol

Organic farming is better adapted to climate change in some aspects (e.g. humus content of the soil)

10

Ancient Tyrolean grains

See 9

25

“Gutes vom Bauernhof”—direct marketing of domestic products

See 22

11

Project: Gene-Save - potential uses of bread grain landraces

See 9

26

Association for defense and research of hail

Although the link between climate change and an increase of hail is not scientifically evident, damage sums are rising and hail defense can be an adaptation strategy

12

Project: Organic mountain agriculture in Tyrol

Direct connection to CCA within the project

27

Insurances against natural disasters (droughts in pastures)

Insurance covers for extreme events, such as droughts, help farmers to overcome serious damages

13

Project: Capital Adapt—the role of social and human capital regarding climate change adaptation

Direct connection to CCA within the project

28

Association of farm women

The farm women’s network strengthens social and human capital which enhance resilience against CC (esp. extremes)

14

Project: Clim Grass—climate change impacts in grasslands

Direct connection to CCA within the project

29

“Quality of life on farms”

Strengthening farmers personal resources enhances resilience against CC

15

Tyrolean climate strategy

Direct connection to CCA within the strategy