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Table 2 Prevalence of respiratory symptoms in each month

From: Effects of air pollution and seasonality on the respiratory symptoms and health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) of outpatients with chronic respiratory disease in Ulaanbaatar: pilot study for the comparison of the cold and warm seasons

 

March

P value

May

P value

July

P value

Control

COPD

BA

χ2-test

Control

COPD

BA

χ2-test

Control

COPD

BA

χ2-test

Q1 [n, (%)]

3 (11.1)

8 (50.0)

6 (60.0)

<0.005

7 (25.9)

8 (50.0)

9 (90.0)

<0.005

7 (26.9)

11 (68.8)

9 (81.8)

<0.005

Q2 [n, (%)]

8 (26.3)

10 (62.5)

7 (63.6)

<0.05

7 (25.9)

10 (62.5)

7 (70.0)

<0.05

5 (19.2)

11 (68.8)

7 (63.4)

<0.05

Q3 [n, (%)]

3 (11.1)

10 (62.5)

4 (36.4)

<0.005

3 (11.1)

8 (50.0)

7 (70.0)

<0.001

3 (11.5)

7 (43.8)

5 (50.0)

<0.001

Q4 [n, (%)]

5 (18.5)

11 (68.8)

11 (100.0)

<0.0001

4 (14.8)

12 (75.0)

8 (80.0)

<0.0001

3 (12.0)

13 (81.3)

7 (63.6)

<0.0001

Number of symptoms

0.70 ± 0.99

2.44 ± 1.36

P < 0.0001

Versus control

2.55 ± 1.13

P < 0.0005

Versus control

 

0.78 ± 1.12

2.38 ± 1.41

P < 0.001

Versus control

2.82 ± 1.54

P < 0.0005

Versus control

 

0.67 ± 1.00

2.63 ± 0.89

P < 0.0001

Versus control

2.55 ± 1.21 P < 0.0001 versus Control

 
  1. Questions regarding respiratory symptoms: Q1, Does the weather affect your cough?; Q2, Do you ever cough up sputum from your chest when you don’t have a cold?; Q3, Do you usually cough up sputum from your chest first thing in the morning?; Q4, How frequently do you wheeze? Number of symptoms were presented as mean ± SD, and statistical analyses were performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s HSD test. P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant