| Control | COPD | BA | Statistical analysis |
---|---|---|---|---|
n | 27 | 16 | 11 | Welch’s t test |
Age (years, mean ± SD) | 55.7 ± 10.4 | 58.9 ± 8.1 | 57.8 ± 11.9 | N.S. |
 [Min–max] | 40–76 | 48–76 | 41–78 |  |
Sex [n (%)] |  |  |  | χ2-test |
 Male | 8 (29.6) | 9 (56.3) | 0 (0.0) | P < 0.01 |
 Female | 19 (70.4) | 7 (43.8) | 11 (100.0) |  |
Smoking status [n (%)] | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Current smoker | 1 (3.9) | 6 (37.5) | 0 (0.0) | P < 0.0005 |
 Ex-smoker | 1 (3.9) | 4 (25.0) | 0 (0.0) |  |
 Never smoker | 24 (92.3) | 6 (37.5) | 9 (81.8) |  |
 Unknown | 1 (3.9) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (18.2) |  |
Occupation [n (%)] | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 White collar | 8 (29.6) | 1 (6.3) | 0 (0.0) | P < 0.01 |
 Blue collar | 8 (29.6) | 1 (6.3) | 1 (9.1) |  |
 Not in employment | 11 (40.7) | 14 (87.6) | 10 (90.9) |  |