Table 1 Mean values of some physical parameters in lake and groundwater samples collected from seven human settlements along the Bosomtwe Crater Lake in dry and wet seasons
Season | Settlement | Lake water | Groundwater | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH | Temperature (°C) | TDS (mg/L) | Turbidity/NTU | Conductivity (µs cm−1) | pH | Temperature (°C) | TDS (mg/L) | Turbidity/NTU | Conductivity (µs cm−1) | ||
Dry (*N = 105) | Anyinatiase | 9.83 ± 0.01 | 30.00 ± 0.00 | 237.40 ± 5.46 | 1.32 ± 0.03 | 1263.40 ± 8.63 | 6.77 ± 0.27 | 29.00 ± 0.00 | 197.99 ± 7.01 | 1.00 ± 0.01 | 1375.60 ± 177.91 |
Nkowi | 9.77 ± 0.01 | 30.00 ± 0.00 | 215.25 ± 3.58 | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 1307.30 ± 73.11 | 7.19 ± 0.30 | 31.00 ± 1.41 | 178.79 ± 3.21 | 0.97 ± 0.01 | 1277.10 ± 3.96 | |
Adwafo | 9.82 ± 0.02 | 30.00 ± 0.00 | 215.80 ± 3.45 | 0.87 ± 0.04 | 1201.10 ± 41.44 | 7.18 ± 0.14 | 29.00 ± 1.41 | 200.46 ± 2.32 | 0.80 ± 0.03 | 1395.00 ± 26.09 | |
Abrodwum | 9.75 ± 0.01 | 30.00 ± 0.00 | 206.03 ± 4.68 | 1.06. ± 0.02 | 1250.45 ± 8.27 | 7.42 ± 0.16 | 28.00 ± 0.00 | 198.77 ± 4.33 | 0.71 ± 0.02 | 1242.35 ± 9.69 | |
Obo | 9.71 ± 0.01 | 29.00 ± 0.00 | 197.95 ± 5.21 | 0.90 ± 0.02 | 1787.05 ± 172.75 | 7.14 ± 0.04 | 30.00 ± 0.00 | 189.33 ± 1.24 | 0.67 ± 0.01 | 1285.28 ± 0.95 | |
Abono | 8.98 ± 0.00 | 28.50 ± 0.00 | 208.10 ± 4.28 | 0.88. ± 0.04 | 1266.23 ± 6.75 | 7.19 ± 0.09 | 30.00 ± 0.00 | 199.87 ± 2.45 | 0.42 ± 0.01 | 1264.60 ± 5.37 | |
Abease | 9.82 ± 0.02 | 30.00 ± 0.00 | 197.95 ± 3.32 | 1.00 ± 0.02 | 1197.35 ± 60.60 | 7.34 ± 0.23 | 29.50 ± 0.71 | 200.06 ± 3.42 | 0.50 ± 0.00 | 1238.63 ± 24.71 | |
Wet (*N = 105) | Anyinatiase | 6.88 ± 0.11 | 29.00 ± 0.00 | 206.70 ± 4.11 | 0.90 ± 0.02 | 1241.85 ± 6.72 | 6.77 ± 0.27 | 29.00 ± 0.00 | 256.87 ± 5.58 | 0.90. ± 0.02 | 1356.1 ± 150.40 |
Nkowi | 6.99 ± 0.01 | 31.50 ± 0.71 | 199 67 ± 3.24 | 1.64 ± 0.01 | 1264.90 ± 37.90 | 7.19 ± 0.30 | 31.00 ± 1.41 | 211.43 ± 3.42 | 1.10 ± 0.03 | 1277.05 ± 3.89 | |
Adwafo | 7.14 ± 0.08 | 29.50 ± 0.71 | 180.14 ± 4.38 | 0.95 ± 0.03 | 1212.65 ± 24.82 | 7.18 ± 0.14 | 29.00 ± 1.41 | 209.76 ± 5.62 | 0.90 ± 0.01 | 1392.38 ± 24.25 | |
Abrodwum | 7.48 ± 0.08 | 28.00 ± 0.00 | 200.84 ± 3.68 | 1.23 ± 0.03 | 1260.00 ± 10.89 | 7.42 ± 0.16 | 28.00 ± 0.00 | 198.77 ± 4.18 | 0.81 ± 0.01 | 1218.35 ± 24.25 | |
Obo | 7.13 ± 0.03 | 30.00 ± 0.00 | 189.23 ± 5.13 | 1.32 ± 0.04 | 1269.75 ± 0.78 | 7.14 ± 0.04 | 30.00 ± 0.00 | 202.33 ± 3.01 | 0.78 ± 0.01 | 1282.30 ± 3.25 | |
Abono | 7.16 ± 0.06 | 30.00 ± 0.00 | 217.54 ± 3.56 | 0.98 ± 0.01 | 1243.50 ± 12.73 | 7.19 ± 0.09 | 30.00 ± 0.00 | 199.87 ± 4.32 | 0.52 ± 0.00 | 1260.55 ± 0.35 | |
Abease | 7.25 ± 0.11 | 29.75 ± 0.35 | 170.44 ± 2.31 | 1.02 ± 0.03 | 1258.15 ± 0.92 | 7.34 ± 0.23 | 29.50 ± 0.71 | 188.96 ± 2.34 | 0.61 ± 0.01 | 1238.30 ± 25.17 | |