Fig. 5

Differential accumulation of ginsenosides in main roots, lateral roots, petioles, stems, and leaves between Panax ginseng and P. quinquefolius. a Main roots. b Lateral roots. c Stems. d Petioles. e Leaf. FW, fresh mass. f Two-dimensional diagrams of PCA1 and PCA2. For Panax ginseng: red main root, blue lateral root, purple stem, light blue petiole, yellow leaf. For P. quinquefolius: green main root, dark yellow lateral root, dark green stem, dark red petiole, black leaf. Mean values with the same letter within a column did not differ significantly according to Duncan’s multiple comparison test with a family error rate of 0.05. Each bar represents the mean ± SEM, n = 3