Table 1 Availability and costs by AED and dosage, in Antananarivo
Dosage | % of availability in pharmacy (n = 91) | % of availability in public hospital (n = 2) | % of availability in illicit circuit (n = 2) | Average price (±sd) per unit in pharmacy $US | % of difference of the average price compared to pharmacy (H: hospital; I: illicit) | Annual cost of treatmentb (1 year = 365.25 day), $US | % of the GNI per capita, PPP (current international $)c | Ratio brand/generic |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AI | ||||||||
Sodium valproate | ||||||||
Generic | ||||||||
200 | 4.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.094 (±0.014) | 274.7 | 19.6 | ||
500 | 2.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.235a | 257.5 | 18.4 | ||
500 ER | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | NA | NA | NA | ||
Originator brand | ||||||||
200 | 84.6 | 0.0 | 50.0 | 0.131 (±0.012) | I: +12.7 % | 382.8 | 27.3 | ×1.39 |
500 | 80.2 | 0.0 | 50.0 | 0.295 (±0.012) | I: −11.9 % | 323.2 | 23.1 | ×1.26 |
500 ER | 63.7 | 100.0 | 50.0 | 0.497 (±0.011) | H: −9.5 %; I: −25.6 % | 544.6 | 38.9 | |
Carbamazepine | ||||||||
Generic | ||||||||
200 | 63.7 | 50.0 | 100.0 | 0.032 (±0.013) | H: −37.5 %; I: +54.3 % | 46.8 | 3.3 | |
400 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | NA | NA | NA | ||
200 ER | 2.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.130 (±0.014) | 189.9 | 13.6 | ||
400 ER | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | NA | NA | NA | ||
Originator brand | ||||||||
200 | 68.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.169 (±0.020) | 246.9 | 17.6 | ×5.28 | |
400 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.167a | 122.0 | 8.7 | ||
200 ER | 58.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.185 (±0.018) | 270.3 | 19.3 | ×1.42 | |
400 ER | 28.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.380 (±0.043) | 277.6 | 19.8 | ||
Phenobarbital | ||||||||
Generic | ||||||||
10 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.033a | 120.5 | 8.6 | ||
50 | 1.1 | 50.0 | 100.0 | 0.030a | H: −33.3 %; I: +62.5 % | 21.9 | 1.6 | |
100 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | NA | NA | NA | ||
Originator brand | ||||||||
10 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.076a | 277.6 | 19.8 | ×2.30 | |
50 | 30.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.062 (±0.006) | 45.3 | 3.2 | ×2.07 | |
100 | 36.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.144 (±0.008) | 52.6 | 3.8 | ||