Table 13 Extracted causal rules
From: Mining precise cause and effect rules in large time series data of socio-economic indicators
Causal rules | References |
|---|---|
Transport and travel services → CO2 emission | Stewart et al. (2015) |
Electricity production from renewable sources → CO2 emission | Abolhosseini et al. (2014) |
Fossil fuel energy consumption → CO2 emission | Mellios et al. (2011) |
Household final consumption expenditure → CO2 emission | Tian et al. (2016) |
Industry → CO2 emission | Cai et al. (2016) |
Electricity production from nuclear sources → CO2 emission | EPA (1970) |
Land under cereal production → CO2 emission | EPA (1970) |
Air transport, passengers carried → CO2 emission | Stewart et al. (2015) |
Livestock production index → CO2 emission | EPA (1970) |
Alternative and nuclear energy → CO2 emission | EPA (1970) |
Electricity production from nuclear sources → CO2 emission | EPA (1970) |
Combustible renewable and waste → CO2 emission | EPA (1970) |
Crop production index → CO2 emission | EPA (1970) |
Food production index → CO2 emission | EPA (1970) |
Oil rents → CO2 emission | EPA (1970) |
Forest rents → CO2 emission | EPA (1970) |
Cereal production → gross domestic product (GDP) | StatsCan (1971) |
Agricultural raw materials exports → gross domestic product (GDP) | StatsCan (1971) |
Cereal yield → gross domestic product (GDP) | StatsCan (1971) |
Food production index → gross domestic product (GDP) | StatsCan (1971) |
Land under cereal production → foreign direct investment (FDI) | StatsCan (1971) |
Agricultural land → food production index | FAO (1945) |
Arable land → food production index | FAO (1945) |
Cereal production → food production index | FAO (1945) |
Cereal yield → food production index | FAO (1945) |
Permanent cropland → food production index | FAO (1945) |
Crop production → food production index | FAO (1945) |
Livestock production → food production index | FAO (1945) |
Household final consumption expenditure → GDP growth | BIS (2011) |
Net trade in goods and services → gross domestic product (GDP) | BIS (2011) |
Exports of goods and services → gross domestic product (GDP) | |
External debt stocks → gross domestic product (GDP) | Mehmood (2012) |
Final consumption expenditure → gross domestic product (GDP) | Mehmood (2012) |
General government final consumption expenditure → gross domestic product (GDP) | Mehmood (2012) |
Gross national income → gross domestic product (GDP) | Mehmood (2012) |
Gross national expenditure → gross domestic product (GDP) | Mehmood (2012) |
Gross domestic savings → gross domestic product (GDP) | Rasmidatta (2011) |
Foreign direct investment (FDI) → gross domestic product (GDP) | Li (2005) |
Gross domestic product (GDP) → oil rents | Ebeke and Omgba (2011) |
Foreign direct investment (FDI) → oil rents | Ebeke and Omgba (2011) |
Agriculture → rural population | Enyedi and Volgyes (2016) |