Table 2 Test statistics and effect sizes of the comparisons of the investigated variables before and after the introduction of the vanishing spray
From: The use of vanishing spray reduces the extent of rule violations in soccer
Nominal variables | No spray | Spray | χ2 | p | V |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Violations (H 1.1) | 25.4 % | 25.8 % | .01 | .925 | .00 |
Massive violations (H 1.2) | 16.7 % | 10.7 % | 4.58a | .032 | .09 |
Successful crosses (H 3.1) | 26.7 % | 19.2 % | 1.26 | .261 | .09 |
Success of shots (H 3.2) | .31 | .857 | .03 | ||
OnTarget | 34.4 % | 32.3 % | .23 | .635 | .02 |
Missed | 38.8 % | 41.2 % | .26 | .611 | .02 |
Wall | 26.8 % | 26.5 % | .00 | .954 | .00 |
Continuous variables | t | d | |||
|DistanceError| (H 2) | .70 ± 0.64 m | .65 ± 0.58 m | .56 | .577 | .01 |