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Table 3 Causality test results

From: Determination of collective behavior of the financial market

Null hypothesis

F-statistic

Prob.

S does not granger cause C

2.70641

0.0341

C does not granger cause S

2.25770

0.0677

S does not granger cause l

2.71898

0.0335

l does not granger cause S

2.77096

0.0309