Anti-inflammatory and acetylcholinesterase activity of extract, fractions and five compounds isolated from the leaves and twigs of Artemisia annua growing in Cameroon

Chougouo, Rosine D. K.; Nguekeu, Yves M. M.; Dzoyem, Jean P.; Awouafack, Maurice D.; Kouamouo, Jonas; Tane, Pierre; McGaw, Lyndy J.; Eloff, Jacobus N.

doi:10.1186/s40064-016-3199-9

SpringerPlus

Table 1 NO inhibitory activity of extract, fractions (F1–F4) and five compounds isolated from the leaves and twigs of Artemisia annua in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages

From: Anti-inflammatory and acetylcholinesterase activity of extract, fractions and five compounds isolated from the leaves and twigs of Artemisia annua growing in Cameroon

Samples	Concentration (µg/mL)	NO (µM)	% NO inhibition	% Cell viability
Crude extract	50	−0.32 ± 0.08	104.16 ± 1.08	3.94 ± 0.17
	25	0.05 ± 0.11	99.33 ± 1.37	41.58 ± 6.75
	12.5	0.07 ± 0.16	99.15 ± 2.09	56.41 ± 2.31
	6.25	2.12 ± 0.38	72.39 ± 4.94	93.86 ± 8.02
Fractions
F1	50	−0.21 ± 0.09	102.78 ± 1.20	33.39 ± 5.37
	25	−0.05 ± 0.16	100.71 ± 2.09	69.94 ± 5.45
	12.5	0.38 ± 0.14	95.01 ± 1.82	77.61 ± 1.84
	6.25	3.13 ± 0.92	59.26 ± 12.00	112.41 ± 3.13
F2	50	−0.03 ± 0.16	100.36 ± 2.07	2.48 ± 0.05
	25	−0.23 ± 0.00	102.95 ± 0.00	26.49 ± 4.58
	12.5	1.87 ± 2.13	75.67 ± 7.69	54.11 ± 1.00
	6.25	2.23 ± 0.52	71.00 ± 6.74	79.87 ± 1.65
F3	50	1.43 ± 2.56	81.37 ± 3.35	2.33 ± 0.28
	25	1.69 ± 1.83	78.09 ± 3.85	69.84 ± 1.04
	12.5	2.55 ± 1.92	66.86 ± 4.91	85.78 ± 5.61
	6.25	4.79 ± 0.20	37.67 ± 2.59	103.81 ± 9.82
F4	50	0.34 ± 0.16	95.53 ± 2.09	64.17 ± 2.20
	25	1.86 ± 0.42	75.84 ± 5.49	91.14 ± 6.57
	12.5	3.64 ± 0.93	52.70 ± 2.12	102.24 ± 7.67
	6.25	6.72 ± 2.12	12.63 ± 7.53	108.48 ± 0.57
Compounds
1	20	0.07 ± 0.17	99.15 ± 2.16	80.91 ± 1.71
	5	0.84 ± 0.54	89.14 ± 7.05	91.32 ± 2.20
	2	1.30 ± 0.75	83.09 ± 9.72	104.46 ± 9.66
	0.5	3.36 ± 1.10	56.33 ± 14.37	109.66 ± 6.22
2	20	0.12 ± 0.06	98.46 ± 0.79	81.61 ± 4.35
	5	1.71 ± 0.16	77.74 ± 2.09	88.48 ± 1.19
	2	2.15 ± 0.32	72.04 ± 4.22	69.92 ± 9.23
	0.5	2.65 ± 0.34	65.48 ± 4.41	80.34 ± 8.56
3	20	−0.32 ± 0.02	104.16 ± 0.30	15.89 ± 2.37
	5	0.10 ± 0.13	98.64 ± 1.67	28.49 ± 2.18
	2	1.41 ± 0.08	81.71 ± 1.04	67.39 ± 3.74
	0.5	4.79 ± 0.22	37.67 ± 2.88	95.64 ± 4.88
4	20	−0.20 ± 0.02	102.61 ± 0.30	7.49 ± 0.62
	5	0.17 ± 0.48	97.77 ± 6.28	17.56 ± 1.66
	2	0.16 ± 0.08	97.94 ± 1.08	48.48 ± 3.88
	0.5	1.27 ± 0.15	83.44 ± 1.96	79.34 ± 5.34
5	20	2.34 ± 0.30	69.62 ± 3.92	72.70 ± 1.85
	5	2.85 ± 0.38	62.89 ± 4.98	84.46 ± 6.10
	2	3.09 ± 0.50	59.78 ± 6.56	99.58 ± 9.56
	0.5	6.01 ± 0.12	21.79 ± 1.58	102.14 ± 1.66
Quercetin	20	0.20 ± 0.08	102.61 ± 1.08	23.08 ± 5.37
	5	1.10 ± 0.18	85.68 ± 2.34	76.22 ± 2.06
	2	4.38 ± 0.30	43.03 ± 3.89	98.32 ± 5.17
	0.5	5.01 ± 1.67	34.91 ± 2.76	104.92 ± 6.13

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