Developing a new score system for patients with PSA ranging from 4 to 20 ng/mL to improve the accuracy of PCa detection

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Table 1 Characteristics of the patient cohort in the first stage of the study

Variables	Non-PCa Group	(%)	PCa Group	(%)	Overall median	P
Number of patients	589		208
Age	66.9 ± 8.3		70.6 ± 6.8		69	<0.001
PSA	9.8 ± 4.0		11.2 ± 4.2		9.3	<0.001
fPSA	1.6 ± 1.2		1.3 ± 0.8		1.3	0.003
PV	46.2 ± 23.6		33.8 ± 13.7		37.1	<0.001
PSAD	0.25 ± 0.17		0.38 ± 0.20		0.24	<0.001
f/T	0.17 ± 0.11		0.12 ± 0.06		0.14	<0.001
DRE findings						<0.001
Neg	545	78.6	148	21.4
Pos	44	32.3	60	57.7
Hypoechoic^a						<0.001
Neg	468	78.8	126	21.2
Pos	121	59.6	82	40.4
Microcalcification^a						0.262
Neg	415	74.6	141	25.4
Pos	174	72.2	67	27.8

Values are mean ± SD and number
Student’s t test for age, PSA, fPSA, PV, PSAD and f/t distributions between Pca and Non-Pca groups
Two-sided χ²-test or Fish’s exact test for DRE findings, hypoechoic, and microcalcification between Pca and Non-Pca groups
DRE digital rectal examination, PSA prostate-specific antigen, fPSA free prostate-specific antigen, PSAD prostate-specific antigen density, PV prostate volume, neg negative, pos positive
^aHypoechoic masses and microcalcifications were observed using ultrasound