Bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) in osteoporotic males

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Table 1 Demographic data of the male patients with BRONJ in this study

No.	Age	Stage/location	Contributing factor to osteoporosis	BP	Duration (years)	s-CTX^a (pg/mL)	S-OC^b (ng/mL)	Vit. D
1	77	2b/Mn	Primary	Risedronate	2	60	1.6	1.6
2	89	2/Mn	Primary	Alendronate	1	N/A	N/A	N/A
3	88	3/Mx	Secondary to hypogonadism^c	Alendronate	10	70	0	0
4	66	2/Mn	Primary	Alendronate	1	80	0.97	11
5	68	2/Mn	Primary	Alendronate	1.5	60	1.6	N/A
6	67	2a/Mx	Primary	Alendronate	4	70	1.4	11.9
7	87	2b/Mn	Primary	Risedronate	3	60	3.5	3.5
8	77	2/Mn	Primary	Alendronate	3	165	5.06	6.7
9	71	2b/Mn	Primary	Alendronate	3	112	0.5	0.5

^aSerum c-terminal telopeptide cross-link of type I collagen
^bSerum osteocalcin
^cDiagnosed with testicular malignancy and underwent orchiectomy and chemotherapy
Mn mandible, Mx maxilla, BP bisphosphonate
Information on s-CTX and osteocalcin testings in this study
CTX; ECLIA, Elecsys β-CrossLaps, Roche Diagnostics, Germany, Ref. range: < 704 pg/mL in males at 50–70 years old. < 854 pg/mL in males older than 70. <583 pg/mL in premenopausal women and < 1008 pg/mL in postmenopausal women
Osteocalcin; ELISA, DIASource Diagnostics, Belgium, Ref. range: 5–25 ng/mL