Effect of climate change on stormwater runoff characteristics and treatment efficiencies of stormwater retention ponds: a case study from Denmark using TSS and Cu as indicator pollutants

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Table 1 Main characteristics of the 10 events monitored in the period May 2010 to May 2011

Stormwater runoff event	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Rain
ADP (days)	4.0	0.3	1.7	1.4	11.5	1.6	0.4	2.2	6.8	5.2
Maximum 5-min intensity (mm/h)	1.33	48.0	7.68	7.31	6.40	4.80	2.88	5.6	2.88	54.0
Depth (mm)	2.2	6.4	7.6	11.6	17.6	3.0	7.4	2.2	14.0	7.4
Duration (h)	3.02	0.27	12.5	30.6	12.8	5.48	20.7	0.93	21.4	3.98
Inlet
No. of samples	2	7	8	9	11	4	4	1	5	2
Flow max (L/s)	73	525	111	235	284	132	208	148	228	368
TSS max (mg/L)	100	1425	42	79	32	209	163	65	136	655
Cu_tot max (μg/L)	46	840	20	36	35	114	85	49	70	165
Cu_diss max (μg/L)	25	16	20	13	14	22	66	28	30	10
Outlet
No. of samples	0	0	0	13	2	1	7	1	4	1
Flow max (L/s)	–	–	–	114	126	63	94	58	96	98
TSS max (mg/L)	–	–	–	22	11	14	30	17	26	39
Cu_tot max (μg/L)	–	–	–	14	16	20	28	12	19	17
Cu_diss max (μg/L)	–	–	–	7	8	15	19	10	12	6

Inlet and outlet data from the pond are maximum event values for stormwater runoff events as defined on Fig. 2 [flow (2 min resolution), TSS, and total and dissolved Cu]. Rainfall data (ADP, maximum 5 min intensity, depth, duration) are given using the same event definition, i.e. in some cases several individual rainfall events are lumped into one
–, not measured