Table 4 PGE ratios from various cities in the world

Indiana, US^a

–

1–2.5

5–16

4–9

Perth, Australia^b

Road dust

1.04 (0.7–1.5)

5.1 (4.6–6.3)

5.17 (3.3–6.9)

Roadside soil

1.4

6.1

4.5

Boston, US^c

Airborne particles

1.01

5.06

Mexico City, Mexico^d

Airborne particles

0.96

3.1

Vienna, Austria^e

Airborne particles

3.41

Beijing,China^f

Roadside soil

1.91* (0.13–3.82)

3.94 (2.40–19.6)

2.06* (1.83–31.3)

Guangzhou, China^f

0.88*

2.9*

3.3*

Hong Kong, China^f

1.61*

5.76*

3.58*

Macao, China^f

0.88*

4.21*

4.8*

Qingdao, China^f

1.0*

3.23*

3.24*

Mumbai, India^f

0.4*

9.75*

24.2*

Kolkata, India^f

1.98*

5.43*

2.75*

Shenzhen, China^g

Road dust and roadside soil

0.93 (0.35–2.17)

3.96 (2.87–10.8)

Hong Kong, China^g

0.94 (0.3–1.98)

8.51 (4.4–14.9)

Guangzhou, China^g

0.51 (0.21–1.35)

3.37 (1.49–5.62)

Frankfurt, Germany^h

Airborne particles

(0.04–5.0)*

3.8 (0.3–19.2)

Beijing, Chinaⁱ

Road dust

0.59 (0.2–3.2)*

(1.0–5.8)*

Xinjiang, China^j

Rainwater

17.94

Kolkata, India (current study)

PM₁₀ winter

 Traffic

0.74 (0.38–1.20)

10.8 (4.0–21.0)

17.0 (8.87–47.5)

 Industrial

0.81 (0.35–1.19)

13.6 (8.08–25.3)

22.2 (8.64–68.5)

PM_2.5 winter

 Traffic

0.81 (0.36–1.91)

10.9 (5.73–20.5)

15.5 (8.54–38.5)

 Industrial

0.77 (0.27–1.05)

12.3 (8.46–27.7)

20.1 (9.0–58.7)