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Table 1 Reports of duplicated origin of vertebral artery from the subclavian artery proved by imaging modality

From: Duplication of the right vertebral artery: MRA findings and review of the literature

No

Age

Sex

Clinical symptom

Underlying disease

Side

Level of fusion

Accompanying anomalies

Imaging modality

Reference

Published

1

18

F

Cervicooccipital pain

Epilepsy

Right

C5

Dolichoarterial loop of the left VA

Conventional angiography

Babin and Haller

1974

2

67

M

Dizziness, slight left mortor weakness

None

Right

C5

None

Contrast-enhanced CT

Hashimoto et al.

1987

3

70

M

Head heaviness, dizziness

None

Right

C4

Hypoplastic left VA

Conventional angiography

Harada et al.

1987

4

62

M

Vertigo, weakness, nausea

Thrombosis at the origin of duplicated artery

Left

Higher than C2

None

Color Doppler ultrasonograrphy, CT angiography, MR angiography

Mahmutyazicioglu et al.

1998

5

66

F

Dysarthria, left hemisensory disturbance and hemiplegia

Acute right cerebral infarction, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia

Right

Level of carotid bifurcation

None

MR angiography

Goddard et al.

2001

6

83

M

Mild cognitive impairment

None

Both

Right: C4–5

Left: C5–6

None

MR angiography

Ionete and Omojola

2006

7

49

F

None

None

Right

C6

Unruptured midbasilar trunk aneurysm

Conventional angiography

Thomas et al.

2008

8

61

F

Dizziness

None

Right

Not mentioned

Duplicated right CCA, Fenestration of left CCA

MR angiography

Harnier et al.

2008

9

48

M

Not mentioned

Recent middle cerebral artery stroke

Right

C4/5

Duplicated left VA (originated from aortic arch and left subclavian artery), left internal carotid artery stenosis

MR angiography

Mordasisni et al.

2008

10

54

F

Not mentioned

Transient ischemic attack

Right

C4

Thyrovertebral trunk

CT angiography

Meila et al.

2012

11

43

F

Severe headache

Mild subarachnoid hemorrhage

Right

C4

Duplicated left VA (originated from aortic arch), Thyrovertebral trunk, Intracranial aneurysm

CT angiography

Meila et al.

2012

12

51

M

Acute vertigo

Recent infarction of right cerebellar vermis, Dissection on right duplicated vertebral artery

Right

V2 segment

None

CT angiography, MR angiography

Melki et al.

2012

13

43

M

Headache, left limb weakness

Right ICA dissection, Ehlers–Danlos syndrome

Left

C5–6

None

CT angiography, color Doppler ultrasonograrphy

Polguj et al.

2013a, b

14

36

M

Dizziness

None

Right

C4–5

Duplicated left VA (originated from aortic arch and left subclavian artery)

CT angiography

Rameshbabu et al.

2014