Table 1 The clinical data of 162 patients with hemorrhagic shock and spontaneous rupture of HCC
Variables | Conservative treatment (n = 35) | TAE alone (n = 21) | Staged surgery (n = 27) | Emergency surgery (n = 79) | Total (n = 162) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 53.6 ± 5.9 | 61.5 ± 3.3 | 58.3 ± 4.6 | 58.8 ± 6.8 | 58.0 ± 6.4 | <0.001*** |
Gender (male) | 29 (82.9 %) | 15 (71.4 %) | 24 (88.9 %) | 68 (86.1 %) | 136 (84.0 %) | 0.404 |
Etiology | 0.226 | |||||
HBV | 26 (74.3 %) | 18 (85.7 %) | 23 (85.2 %) | 65 (82.3 %) | 132 (81.5 %) | |
HCV | 3 (8.6 %) | 3 (14.3 %) | 3 (11.1 %) | 6 (7.6 %) | 15 (9.3 %) | |
Others | 6 (17.1 %) | 0 (.0 %) | 1 (3.7 %) | 8 (10.1 %) | 15 (9.3 %) | |
Liver cirrhosis (yes) | 35 (100.0 %) | 21 (100.0 %) | 20 (74.1 %) | 66 (83.5 %) | 142 (87.7 %) | <0.001*** |
Child-Pugh stage | <0.001*** | |||||
A | 3 (8.6 %) | 3 (14.3 %) | 15 (55.6 %) | 53 (67.1 %) | 74 (45.7 %) | |
B | 9 (25.7 %) | 9 (42.9 %) | 9 (33.3 %) | 17 (21.5 %) | 44 (27.2 %) | |
C | 23 (65.7 %) | 9 (42.9 %) | 3 (11.1 %) | 9 (11.4 %) | 44 (27.2 %) | |
Hemoglobin (g/L) | 83.9 ± 6.2 | 95.7 ± 11.2 | 91.5 ± 4.6 | 91.3 ± 9.7 | 90.3 ± 9.3 | <0.001*** |
Platelet (×109/L) | 106.7 ± 14.7 | 132.1 ± 47.0 | 117.6 ± 19.9 | 108.7 ± 16.2 | 112.8 ± 24.1 | <0.001*** |
INR | 2.4 ± 1.3 | 1.4 ± .2 | 1.3 ± .2 | 1.5 ± .3 | 1.6 ± .7 | <0.001*** |
Albumin (g/L) | 29.2 ± 4.8 | 34.1 ± 3.7 | 32.6 ± 3.6 | 33.5 ± 3.4 | 32.5 ± 4.2 | <0.001*** |
Total bilirubin (mmol/L) | 61.9 ± 35.2 | 20.5 ± 6.3 | 24.4 ± 8.9 | 24.9 ± 11.6 | 32.3 ± 24.3 | <0.001*** |
ALT (IU/L) | 182.6 ± 152.6 | 143.2 ± 59.6 | 191.8 ± 79.3 | 148.1 ± 77.2 | 162.2 ± 98.2 | 0.094 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.1 ± .1 | 1.3 ± .1 | 1.3 ± .2 | 1.3 ± .2 | 1.3 ± .2 | <0.001*** |
AFP (µg/L) | 7532.9 ± 5515.6 | 9136.7 ± 2421.3 | 9836.3 ± 6619.4 | 8518.0 ± 6895.8 | 8605.1 ± 6149.1 | 0.513 |
Size of lesions (cm) | 8.8 ± 1.6 | 9.0 ± 2.0 | 9.0 ± 1.4 | 8.8 ± 2.3 | 8.9 ± 1.9 | 0.959 |
Multiple tumors (yes) | 20 (57.1 %) | 9 (42.9 %) | 12 (44.4 %) | 34 (43.0 %) | 75 (46.3 %) | 0.546 |
Portal vein (yes) | 12 (34.3 %) | 9 (42.9 %) | 9 (33.3 %) | 29 (36.7 %) | 59 (36.4 %) | 0.906 |
Modified UICC stage | 0.002** | |||||
2 | 6 (17.1 %) | 3 (14.3 %) | 1 (3.7 %) | 15 (19.0 %) | 25 (15.4 %) | |
3 | 6 (17.1 %) | 9 (42.9 %) | 17 (63.0 %) | 24 (30.4 %) | 56 (34.6 %) | |
4A | 17 (48.6 %) | 9 (42.9 %) | 9 (33.3 %) | 37 (46.8 %) | 72 (44.4 %) | |
4B | 6 (17.1 %) | 0 (.0 %) | 0 (.0 %) | 3 (3.8 %) | 9 (5.6 %) | |
Morphology of lesions | <0.001*** | |||||
Nodular | 1 (2.9 %) | 3 (14.3 %) | 13 (48.1 %) | 15 (19.0 %) | 32 (19.8 %) | |
Infiltrative | 10 (28.6 %) | 5 (23.8 %) | 0 (.0 %) | 23 (29.1 %) | 38 (23.5 %) | |
Pedunculated | 18 (51.4 %) | 11 (52.4 %) | 14 (51.9 %) | 40 (50.6 %) | 83 (51.2 %) | |
Cirrhotomimetic | 6 (17.1 %) | 2 (9.5 %) | 0 (.0 %) | 1 (1.3 %) | 9 (5.6 %) |