Non-invasive evaluation of pulmonary arterial blood flow and wall shear stress in pulmonary arterial hypertension with 3D phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging

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Table 5 Correlations of vortex formation time and wall shear stress with pulmonary artery dimensions, flow parameters and right ventricular function in patients with PAH

Variables		Correlation with vortex formation time (%cardiac cycle)		Correlation with maximum WSS at MPA (Pa)		Correlation with mean WSS at MPA (Pa)
Variables		r	p value	r	p value	r	p value
Geometry of MPA	Diameter (mm)	−0.257	0.504	0.035	0.928	−0.019	0.962
Geometry of MPA	Area (mm²)	−0.212	0.643	0.035	0.928	0.001	0.999
Blood flow parameter at MPA	Maximum blood flow velocity (m/sec)	−0.391	0.299	0.348	0.359	0.068	0.862
	Mean blood flow velocity (m/sec)	0.374	0.321	−0.091	0.817	−0.021	0.957
	Maximum blood flow volume (L/min)	−0.621	0.080	0.238	0.537	−0.115	0.768
	Mean blood flow volume (L/min)	−0.004	0.992	−0.119	0.760	−0.232	0.546
	SV (mL)	−0.025	0.948	−0.122	0.755	−0.262	0.496
WSS at MPA	Maximum WSS (pa)	−0.354	0.350	–	–	0.741	0.022
WSS at MPA	Mean WSS (Pa)	−0.339	0.337	0.741	0.022	–	–
RV functional parameter	RVEF (%)	−0.892	0.003	0.546	0.162	0.592	0.112
	RVEDV (mL)	0.408	0.316	0.112	0.791	−0.417	0.305
	RVEDVI (mL/m²)	0.366	0.373	0.116	0.784	−0.427	0.291
	RVESV (mL)	0.738	0.037	−0.204	0.628	−0.525	0.182
	RVESVI (mL/m²)	0.736	0.038	−0.221	0.599	−0.546	0.162

RV right ventricle, MPA main pulmonary artery, SV stroke volume, WSS wall shear stress, RVEF right ventricular ejection fraction, RVEDV right ventricular end diastolic volume, RVEDVI right ventricular end diastolic volume index, RVESV right ventricular end systolic volume, RVESVI right ventricular end systolic volume index