Table 2 Odds ratio for low self-esteem by the health behaviours, body weight and socio-demographic variables among grade five students (n = 4918), the 2003 Children’s Lifestyle and School Performance Study, Nova Scotia

Diet quality index

 Low tertile

–

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

 Middle tertile

–

0.89 (0.76, 1.03)

0.83 (0.71, 0.98)

0.95 (0.81, 1.12)

0.96 (0.83, 1.11)

0.81 (0.69, 0.94)

 High tertile

–

0.82 (0.70, 0.95)

0.81 (0.69, 0.94)

1.03 (0.89, 1.20)

0.93 (0.80, 1.08)

0.80 (0.70, 0.92)

Play sports/PAs without coach

 Never or almost never

4.7

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

 About once a month

6.2

0.87 (0.58, 1.32)

1.25 (0.81, 1.94)

0.78 (0.52, 1.17)

0.82 (0.55, 1.22)

0.72 (0.48, 1.09)

 About once a week

21.7

0.87 (0.61, 1.23)

1.23 (0.86, 1.77)

0.98 (0.66, 1.43)

0.80 (0.57, 1.12)

0.79 (0.57, 1.10)

 More than once a week

67.4

0.79 (0.57, 1.10)

1.41 (1.00, 2.00)

0.82 (0.57, 1.17)

0.70 (0.52, 0.96)

0.72 (0.54, 0.98)

Play sports/PAs with coach

 Never or almost never

27.6

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

 About once a month

6.5

1.18 (0.90, 1.56)

1.22 (0.90, 1.65)

0.86 (0.64, 1.16)

1.04 (0.78, 1.39)

1.22 (0.90, 1.67)

 About once a week

30.6

1.06 (0.90, 1.25)

0.95 (0.78, 1.15)

0.96 (0.80, 1.14)

0.93 (0.79, 1.09)

0.99 (0.82, 1.19)

 More than once a week

35.3

0.83 (0.70, 0.98)

0.98 (0.81, 1.19)

0.92 (0.77, 1.10)

0.85 (0.71, 1.01)

0.75 (0.62, 0.90)

Using computer/video games

 <1 h/day

53.9

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

 1–2 h/day

39.9

1.17 (1.02, 1.33)

1.06 (0.91, 1.22)

0.93 (0.82, 1.07)

0.98 (0.85, 1.14)

0.99 (0.86, 1.13)

 ≥3 h/day

6.2

1.55 (1.12, 2.15)

0.91 (0.66, 1.25)

0.86 (0.65, 1.15)

1.00 (0.73, 1.35)

1.03 (0.78, 1.37)

Watching TV

 <1 h/day

13.9

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

 1–2 h/day

56.8

0.88 (0.73, 1.07)

1.00 (0.81, 1.23)

1.20 (0.99, 1.46)

0.98 (0.79, 1.21)

0.99 (0.81, 1.22)

 3–4 h/day

25.8

0.88 (0.71, 1.08)

1.16 (0.92, 1.47)

1.18 (0.95, 1.46)

1.03 (0.81, 1.30)

0.98 (0.78, 1.24)

 ≥5 h/day

3.5

1.01 (0.66, 1.53)

1.16 (0.78, 1.73)

1.68 (1.11, 2.55)

1.12 (0.75, 1.69)

1.92 (1.31, 2.80)

Body weight

 Normal weight

66.8

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

 Overweight

23.3

1.20 (1.03, 1.41)

0.87 (0.73, 1.03)

1.13 (0.97, 1.32)

1.03 (0.88, 1.21)

1.15 (0.98, 1.36)

 Obese

9.9

1.55 (1.21, 1.98)

0.78 (0.61, 1.00)

1.19 (0.97, 1.46)

1.29 (1.02, 1.62)

1.42 (1.12, 1.79)

Gender

 Boys

49.2

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

 Girls

50.8

1.29 (1.13, 1.49)

0.30 (0.26, 0.35)

1.44 (1.27, 1.65)

0.93 (0.81, 1.05)

0.79 (0.70, 0.90)

Household income

 <$20,000

12.1

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

 $20,001–$40,000

22.8

0.81 (0.62, 1.07)

1.00 (0.77, 1.30)

1.03 (0.80, 1.32)

0.86 (0.68, 1.09)

0.75 (0.59, 0.94)

 $40,001–$60,000

26.1

0.91 (0.71, 1.16)

0.72 (0.56, 0.92)

0.95 (0.74, 1.23)

0.82 (0.64, 1.05)

0.57 (0.45, 0.73)

 >$60,000

39.0

0.75 (0.59, 0.95)

0.66 (0.51, 0.86)

0.94 (0.72, 1.22)

0.78 (0.62, 0.97)

0.52 (0.41, 0.65)

Parent education

 Secondary or less

30.3

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

 College

37.4

0.91 (0.79, 1.05)

1.00 (0.85, 1.18)

0.95 (0.82, 1.11)

1.01 (0.86, 1.18)

0.97 (0.82, 1.15)

 University or above

32.3

0.79 (0.67, 0.94)

0.78 (0.64, 0.95)

0.92 (0.77, 1.11)

0.84 (0.71, 1.00)

0.66 (0.53, 0.81)

Residency

 Rural

32.8

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

 Urban

67.2

0.90 (0.77, 1.05)

1.21(1.03, 1.42)

1.02 (0.89, 1.17)

0.86 (0.75, 1.00)

0.95 (0.81, 1.12)

Self-esteem component

 Self-perception

–

–

1.74 (1.52, 2.00)

1.49 (1.32, 1.69)

1.95 (1.72, 2.22)

–

 Internalizing problems

–

1.74 (1.52, 2.00)

–

1.15 (1.00, 1.32)

2.67 (2.33, 3.06)

–

 Externalizing problems

–

1.49 (1.32, 1.68)

1.16 (1.01, 1.33)

–

2.60 (2.31, 2.94)

–

 Social-perception

–

1.96 (1.73, 2.23)

2.70 (2.35, 3.10)

2.62 (2.32, 2.95)

–

–