Table 4 Comparison of joint angle parameters between elderly women and very elderly women
From: An exploratory investigation of changes in gait parameters with age in elderly Japanese women
Parameters | Group 1 (elderly women) | Group 2 (very elderly women) | p value | Effect size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Hip joint | ||||
 Peak extension angle (°) | 19.4 ± 4.0 | 18.4 ± 4.8 | NS | 0.22 |
 Peak extension timing (%) | 54.2 ± 1.2 | 54.9 ± 0.7 | <0.05 | 0.71 |
 Peak flexion angle (°) | −27.0 ± 2.6 | −27.8 ± 2.4 | NS | 0.32 |
 Peak flexion timing (%) | 88.1 ± 1.8 | 88.9 ± 1.6 | NS | 0.47 |
 Maximal angle range (°) | 46.4 ± 3.8 | 46.3 ± 4.4 | NS | 0.02 |
Knee joint | ||||
 Peak extension angle (°) | 172.0 ± 5.4 | 170.1 ± 5.8 | NS | 0.34 |
 Peak extension timing (%) | 40.8 ± 3.2 | 42.0 ± 3.6 | NS | 0.35 |
 First peak flexion angle (°) | 157.2 ± 6.0 | 156.6 ± 4.2 | NS | 0.11 |
 First peak flexion timing (%) | 13.4 ± 1.1 | 13.1 ± 1.8 | NS | 0.20 |
 Second peak flexion angle (°) | 114.4 ± 5.2 | 115.3 ± 4.6 | NS | 0.18 |
 Second peak flexion timing (%) | 73.4 ± 1.1 | 74.3 ± 0.9 | <0.01 | 0.89 |
 Maximal angle range (°) | 57.5 ± 4.5 | 54.8 ± 4.9 | NS | 0.57 |
Ankle joint | ||||
 First peak plantarflexion angle (°) | 102.1 ± 4.7 | 101.9 ± 3.6 | NS | 0.48 |
 First peak plantarflexion timing (%) | 5.9 ± 1.3 | 5.4 ± 1.2 | NS | 0.40 |
 Second peak plantarflexion angle (°) | 111.6 ± 5.7 | 111.4 ± 6.3 | NS | 0.03 |
 Second peak plantarflexion timing (%) | 63.9 ± 1.5 | 65.0 ± 1.5 | <0.05 | 0.73 |
 First peak dorsiflexion angle (°) | 84.5 ± 4.3 | 84.4 ± 3.5 | NS | 0.02 |
 First peak dorsiflexion timing (%) | 41.6 ± 5.3 | 43.2 ± 3.5 | NS | 0.35 |
 Second peak dorsiflexion angle (°) | 92.0 ± 5.0 | 92.4 ± 3.2 | NS | 0.09 |
 Second peak dorsiflexion timing (%) | 83.8 ± 2.4 | 84.7 ± 1.6 | NS | 0.44 |
 Maximal angle range (°) | 27.1 ± 4.1 | 27.0 ± 4.2 | NS | 0.02 |