Fig. 1

Schematics of the study protocols. a Study design of Experiment 2 to measure muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and plasma glucose and insulin concentrations after the jumping exercise following overnight fasting; b study design of Experiment 3 to measure MPS and plasma glucose and insulin concentrations after the administration of water (as a control), LEAAs, or LEAAs with glucose after the jumping exercise. The numbers of rats in each group are shown in parentheses