Fig. 3

Variations in energy prices and energy consumption in China, 1988–2012. In this figure, energy prices in China are measured using indices of raw materials and the fuel purchasing price (1988 = 100), and the general price level is measured by the retail price of commodities (1988 = 100). The definition of the relative energy price in this paper is the ratio between the two components. The related data are taken from the “China Statistical Yearbook, 2013.” a Energy consumption (total amount and intensity); b energy prices (absolute and relative)