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Table 1 Household income-based differences in the clinical characteristics and obstetric outcomes in live birth cases in the Korean National Health Insurance cohort database, from 2002 to 2013 (aggregated data)

From: The income-based disparities in preeclampsia and postpartum hemorrhage: a study of the Korean National Health Insurance cohort data from 2002 to 2013

Variables

Household income level

Lower (N = 27,258)

Middle (N = 20,066)

Upper (N = 18,155)

P value (Df = 1)a

Number (%)

Number (%)

Number (%)

Age group

15–19 years

165 (1.01)

85 (0.29)

43 (0.21)

<.001

20–24 years

1733 (10.66)

1453 (5)

602 (2.9)

 

25–29 years

6592 (40.55)

11,786 (40.57)

5888 (28.4)

 

30–34 years

5743 (35.33)

12,528 (43.12)

10,278 (49.58)

 

35–39 years

1683 (10.35)

2784 (9.58)

3400 (16.4)

 

40–44 years

341 (2.1)

417 (1.44)

520 (2.51)

 

Worker

4411 (27.13)

7417 (25.53)

3877 (18.7)

<.001

Obstetric characteristics b

Nulliparity

10,543 (64.85)

18,882 (64.99)

12,135 (58.54)

<.001

Multiple gestation

171 (1.05)

325 (1.12)

364 (1.76)

<.001

Diabetes

217 (1.33)

400 (1.38)

411 (1.98)

<.001

Induction of labor

2933 (18.04)

5485 (18.88)

3905 (18.84)

0.066

Cesarean delivery

6157 (37.87)

10,680 (36.76)

7593 (36.63)

0.018

Outcomes

Preeclampsia treated with MgSO4

153 (0.94)

235 (0.81)

174 (0.84)

0.332

Postpartum hemorrhage requiring blood transfusion

420 (2.58)

701 (2.41)

469 (2.26)

0.046

  1. Values are presented as number (percentages in parentheses)
  2. aThe Mantel–Haenszel Chi square tests were done for exploring a linear association between household income groups
  3. bInformations on nulliparity, multiple gestation, induction of labor and cesarean delivery were available from treatment code in the Korean NHI database