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Table 1 Participant characteristics

From: Habitual dietary protein intake affects body iron status in Japanese female college rhythmic gymnasts: a follow-up study

 

L group (n = 11)

H group (n = 9)

Baseline

Δ (baseline–follow-up)

Baseline

Δ (baseline–follow-up)

Protein (g/kg BW)

1.08 ± 0.16 (1.12)

0.00 ± 0.32 (0.02)

1.55 ± 0.14 (1.59)*

−0.11 ± 0.37 (−0.02)

Physical assessment

 Height (cm)

161.0 ± 3.3 (60.6)

0.7 ± 0.5 (0.7)

159.4 ± 2.8 (159.3)

0.3 ± 0.7 (0.2)

 Body weight (kg)

48.0 ± 3.5 (47.4)

2.6 ± 2.6 (4.0)

45.8 ± 3.7 (45.0)

0.4 ± 2.2 (1.0)*

 Body mass index (kg/m2)

18.5 ± 0.9 (18.5)

0.9 ± 0.9 (1.4)

18.1 ± 1.4 (17.5)

0.0 ± 0.8 (0.2)*

 Body fat (%)

14.6 ± 1.0 (14.3)

2.8 ± 2.2 (2.6)

14.3 ± 2.9 (13.3)

0.4 ± 2.1 (0.4)*

  1. Values are expressed as mean ± SD (median)
  2. Protein intake was adjusted for daily energy intake by residuals analysis
  3. Δ (baseline–follow-up): delta changes were adjusted for baseline values using the residual method
  4. * p < 0.05; significantly different from the L group (Mann–Whitney U test)
  5.  p < 0.05; significantly different from baseline within-group (Wilcoxon Signed-rank test)