Table 14 Technological levels of countries in stem cell field
From: Assessment of technological level of stem cell research using principal component analysis
Cell type | Nation | NP_Patent | PII_Patent | NP_Paper | PII_Paper | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adult stem cell | US | 300.7 (1) | 191.2 (1) | 207.2 (1) | 150.2 (1) | 849.3 (1) |
CA | 22.4 (3) | 109.2 (2) | 22.1 (8) | 134.6 (4) | 288.2 (2) | |
IL | 13.7 (5) | 84.8 (3) | 8.1 (10) | 136.1 (3) | 242.6 (3) | |
JP | 23.9 (2) | 58.8 (4) | 61.1 (3) | 86.0 (8) | 229.8 (4) | |
DE | 14.6 (4) | 44.4 (6) | 42.8 (4) | 113.8 (6) | 215.6 (5) | |
UK | 5.7 (9) | 19.8 (10) | 28.7 (5) | 145.0 (2) | 199.3 (6) | |
FR | 6.7 (7) | 34.7 (7) | 25.3 (7) | 118.0 (5) | 184.7 (7) | |
CN | 0.4 (11) | – (n/a) | 142.3 (2) | 25.5 (11) | 168.2 (8) | |
SG | 6.5 (8) | 48.6 (5) | 5.3 (11) | 93.9 (7) | 154.4 (9) | |
KR | 8.6 (6) | 26.9 (9) | 27.1 (6) | 84.0 (10) | 146.7 (10) | |
TW | 4.8 (10) | 31.4 (8) | 9.8 (9) | 84.8 (9) | 130.7 (11) | |
Embryonic stem cell | US | 170.2 (1) | 183.1 (1) | 83.5 (1) | 131.7 (2) | 568.6 (1) |
SG | 4.0 (8) | 69.3 (3) | 5.7 (10) | 117.8 (4) | 196.8 (2) | |
IL | 5.5 (5) | 44.6 (5) | 6.8 (9) | 139.8 (1) | 196.7 (3) | |
DE | 5.4 (6) | 74.6 (2) | 20.4 (5) | 87.3 (7) | 187.7 (4) | |
UK | 10.4 (3) | 34.7 (8) | 20.5 (4) | 118.5 (3) | 184.1 (5) | |
JP | 14.9 (2) | 64.0 (4) | 28.0 (2) | 77.0 (8) | 183.9 (6) | |
CA | 9.5 (4) | 39.7 (7) | 9.5 (6) | 112.0 (5) | 170.7 (7) | |
FR | 4.8 (7) | 40.3 (6) | 9.4 (7) | 101.8 (6) | 156.3 (8) | |
KR | 2.6 (10) | 5.5 (9) | 8.6 (8) | 53.4 (9) | 70.0 (9) | |
CN | 1.2 (11) | 1.5 (11) | 21.9 (3) | 35.8 (11) | 60.4 (10) | |
TW | 2.7 (9) | 3.0 (10) | 2.0 (11) | 37.5 (10) | 45.2 (11) | |
Induced pluripotent stem cell | JP | 1.9 (1) | 42.2 (1) | 4.7 (2) | 41.9 (6) | 90.7 (1) |
US | 1.2 (2) | – (n/a) | 10.0 (1) | 71.3 (1) | 82.6 (2) | |
UK | – (n/a) | – (n/a) | 1.0 (5) | 64.0 (2) | 65.0 (3) | |
IL | – (n/a) | – (n/a) | 0.7 (6) | 61.8 (3) | 62.6 (4) | |
FR | – (n/a) | – (n/a) | 0.6 (9) | 47.4 (4) | 48.0 (5) | |
CA | – (n/a) | – (n/a) | 0.5 (10) | 42.1 (5) | 42.5 (6) | |
DE | – (n/a) | – (n/a) | 1.6 (4) | 36.5 (7) | 38.1 (7) | |
KR | – (n/a) | – (n/a) | 0.7 (7) | 36.0 (9) | 36.7 (8) | |
SG | – (n/a) | – (n/a) | 0.3 (11) | 36.1 (8) | 36.5 (9) | |
CN | – (n/a) | – (n/a) | 3.4 (3) | 22.9 (10) | 26.3 (10) | |
TW | 0.4 (3) | – (n/a) | 0.7 (8) | 21.5 (11) | 22.5 (11) |