Effect of dried Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorella growth factor on growth performance, meat qualities and humoral immune responses in broiler chickens

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Table 4 Effect of dried chlorella powder (DCP) and chlorella growth factor (CGF) on antibody titers and the concentrations of IgG, IgA and IgM in broiler chickens

Item	NC¹	PC²	DCP			CGF		SEM³	p value
Item	NC¹	PC²	0.05 %	0.15 %	0.5 %	0.05 %	0.15 %	SEM³	p value
NDV⁴ titer (log)	1.83	1.71	2.86	2.50	2.20	2.50	2.50	0.85	0.924
IBV⁵ titer (log)	3.29	3.00	4.13	4.57	4.00	4.75	4.86	0.51	0.076
IgA (µg/mL)	538	398	721	710	602	806	683	127.0	0.260
IgG (µg/mL)	2634^bc	2460^c	3814^a	3563^abc	3827^a	3122^abc	3673^ab	359.5	0.050
IgM (µg/mL)	155^b	152^b	480^a	501^a	322^ab	307^ab	472a	83.0	0.010

Each value expressed as relative percentage to body weight represents the mean of eight chicks per treatment
¹Negative control (non-medicated basal diet)
²Positive control (NC + virginiamycin 10 ppm)
³Pooled standard error of the mean
⁴Newcastle disease virus
⁵Infectious bronchitis virus
^a–cMean values with different superscripts within the same row differ significantly (p < 0.05)