Fig. 1From: Novel pre-treatment of zeolite materials for the removal of sodium ions: potential materials for coal seam gas co-produced wastewaterZeolite three dimensional framework of (SiAl)O4 tetrahedral where all oxygen ions of the tetrahedron are shared with adjacent tetrahedral structures (Inglezakis and Zorpas 2012). The presence of Al3+ in place of Si4+ in the structure gives a negative charge that is balanced by cations. Zeolite material used in this studyBack to article page