Does pain relate with activation of quadriceps and hamstrings muscles during strengthening exercise in people with knee osteoarthritis?

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Table 1 Mean (standard deviation) values for the independent variables and dependent variables among 42 women with symptomatic knee OA

	Mean (standard deviation)	Minimum, maximum
Independent variables
KOOS pain score (/100)^a	67.1 (14.9)	25.0, 92.0
ICOAP total score (/100)^b	31.3 (20.2)	0.0, 93.2
Dependent variables
Total average EMG amplitude (%MVIC)
Legs-together squat^ɸ	18.5 (6.8)	8.1, 33.3
Wide-legged squat^Γ	17.8 (6.8)	5.0, 34.8
Lunge (leading leg)^Γ	15.8 (6.1)	7.5, 31.7
Lunge (trailing leg)^ɸ	14.0 (5.4)	6.0, 28.1
KAM (Nm/kg)
Legs-together squat	−0.04 (0.13)	−0.48, 0.34
Wide-legged squat	−0.02 (0.14)	−0.36, 0.28
Lunge (leading leg)	0.08 (0.13)	−0.22, 0.38
Lunge (trailing leg)	−0.08 (0.14)	−0.29, 0.33

KOOS Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, ICOAP Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain questionnaire, %MVIC % maximum voluntary isometric contraction, KAM knee adduction moment
^aHigher scores indicate less pain
^bHigher scores indicate more pain
^ɸ7 cases where 4 muscles were averaged
^Γ8 cases where 4 muscles were averaged