Variability in nutrient composition of cereal grains from different origins

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Table 2 Nutrient compositions of wheat from different countries (as-is basis, %)

	Moisture	CP	EE	CF	Ash	Ca	P	GE
NRC (2012)^a
n	46	64	36	6	25	25	37	25
Mean	11.33	14.46	1.82	2.57	1.98	0.06	0.39	3788
CV	28.42	17.36	20.33	31.13	18.69	83.33	25.64	3.83
CVB (2009)
Mean	13.20	11.10	1.30	2.40	1.50	0.04	0.31	N/A
Australia
n	12	11	12	12	12	10	12	7
Mean	10.23	11.33	1.86	2.38	1.39	0.04	0.26	3982
CV	8.31	4.40	15.41	9.79	7.28	48.11	5.88	3.38
Brazil
n	15	14	15	15	15	10	14	10
Mean	12.30	13.17	1.65	2.62	1.65	0.06	0.34	3957
CV	6.13	8.22	23.45	11.68	11.16	69.86	16.35	2.27
India
n	12	13	13	13	12	11	13	7
Mean	10.91	11.70	1.74	2.42	1.61	0.07	0.30	4047
CV	4.80	3.78	17.82	8.94	7.64	31.16	12.25	3.59
Ukraine
n	13	13	13	12	13	11	13	12
Mean	12.59	10.55	1.56	2.48	1.50	0.06	0.30	3980
CV	4.10	9.53	21.71	9.42	5.60	34.70	10.76	1.98
United States
n	11	12	12	12	12	10	12	7
Mean	10.14	10.83	1.70	2.54	1.52	0.08	0.29	4058
CV	11.16	6.92	14.40	12.44	8.85	63.02	11.77	3.08
Maximum	12.59	13.17	1.86	2.62	1.65	0.08	0.34	4058
Minimum	10.14	10.55	1.56	2.38	1.39	0.04	0.26	3957
Average	11.23	11.52	1.70	2.49	1.54	0.06	0.30	4005
Among countries
SEM	0.31	0.31	0.12	0.09	0.05	0.01	0.01	48.9
P value	<0.001	<0.001	0.256	0.074	<0.001	0.202	<0.001	0.115
CV	11.41	10.81	19.74	11.23	10.48	57.39	15.43	2.96

CP crude protein, EE ether extract, CF crude fiber, Ca calcium, P phosphorus, GE gross energy, CV coefficient of variation, SEM standard error of the mean
^aValues of “Hard red wheat” were used