Heart rate variability is associated with interstitial glucose fluctuations in type 2 diabetic women treated with insulin

SpringerPlus

Table 5 Day-time and nocturnal GV parameters in diabetic patients with and without CAN

Parameter	Patients without CAN (n = 21)			Patients with CAN (n = 46)			p
Parameter	Median	Q25	Q75	Median	Q25	Q75	p
1st night^# (1)
Mean (mmol/L)	6.2	5.6	7.6	5.6	5.0	7.5	0.75
SD (mmol/L)	0.9	0.4	1.3	0.6	0.4	0.8	0.48
CONGA (mmol/L)	5.4	5.0	6.5	5.3	4.4	6.6	0.98
LI (mmol/L)²/h	0.5	0.2	0.7	0.4	0.1	0.7	0.91
J-index (mmol/L)²	17.8	11.6	22.1	12.9	10.6	20.7	0.81
LBGI	1.1	0.0	2.1	0.7	0.0	2.8	0.91
HBGI	1.5	0.0	1.8	0.4	0.0	1.6	0.53
M-value	1.4	0.6	2.8	3.3	0.6	6.1	0.75
MAG (mmol/L/h)	0.9	0.7	1.1	0.9	0.7	1.4	0.62
Day* (2)
Mean (mmol/L)	7.9	7.0	8.7	8.3	7.5	8.8	0.48
SD (mmol/L)	1.7	1.4	2.1	1.5	1.2	1.9	0.09
CONGA (mmol/L)	6.8	6.2	7.3	7.1	6.6	7.7	0.43
LI (mmol/L)²/h	2.5	1.8	4.1	2.1	1.4	3.2	0.29
J-index (mmol/L)²	30.3	25.5	35.3	30.1	23.9	37.5	0.65
LBGI	0.4	0.4	4.7	0.4	0.0	0.9	0.13
HBGI	4.9	3.3	6.1	3.7	2.3	6.3	0.65
MAGE (mmol/L)	4.3	3.7	5.2	4.3	3.3	4.8	0.42
M-value	3.5	1.7	7.1	2.1	1.4	4.3	0.22
MAG (mmol/L/h)	1.6	1.5	2.2	1.9	1.5	2.2	0.80
2nd night* (3)
Mean (mmol/L)	6.6	6.3	6.9	6.2	5.3	7.1	0.38
SD (mmol/L)	0.7	0.6	1.1	0.8	0.5	1.0	0.54
CONGA (mmol/L)	5.7	5.6	6.0	5.5	4.9	6.4	0.44
LI (mmol/L)²/h	0.5	0.4	0.6	0.4	0.2	0.8	0.64
J-index (mmol/L)²	17.8	15.2	20.2	15.5	10.8	21.8	0.45
LBGI	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.9	0.2	1.6	0.03
HBGI	0.7	0.3	1.8	0.3	0.0	1.8	0.40
M-value	0.3	0.1	0.4	1.1	0.5	2.1	0.01
MAG (mmol/L/h)	0.8	0.8	1.2	0.8	0.5	1.2	1.00

Between group differences assessed by Mann–Whitney test. The differences between variables were assessed by Wilcoxon matched-pair test
CAN cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy, CONGA2 2-h continuous overlapping net glycemic action, GV glucose variability, HBGI high blood glucose index, LBGI low blood glucose index, LI lability index, MAG mean absolute glucose, SD standard deviation
* During Holter ECG
^#Before Holter ECG