Skip to main content

Table 6 Results of the mixed-effects regression analyses for change in running speed across years in female marathoners

From: Male and female Ethiopian and Kenyan runners are the fastest and the youngest in both half and full marathon

Parameter

Estimate

SE

DF

T

p value

95 % CI

Upper

Lower

Ethiopia

       

 Constant term

147.793813

321.794557

36.803

0.459

0.649

−504.341821

799.929446

 Year

−0.067200

0.160260

36.789

−0.419

0.677

−0.391981

0.257581

 Cage

−0.041199

0.045279

39.863

−0.910

0.368

−0.132721

0.050323

 Cage2

−0.000791

0.001556

27.290

−0.508

0.615

−0.003983

0.002401

Kenya

       

 Constant term

12.643951

134.413655

31.473

0.094

0.926

−261.327748

286.615651

 Year

0.001310

0.067007

31.470

0.020

0.985

−0.135269

0.137890

 Cage

0.004584

0.031623

33.197

0.145

0.886

−0.059740

0.068908

 Cage2

0.000926

0.001504

28.885

0.616

0.543

−0.002150

0.004002

Austria

       

 Constant term

319.000059

151.126310

115.787

2.111

0.037

19.669554

618.330564

 Year

−0.152749

0.075258

115.782

−2.030

0.045

−0.301810

−0.003688

 Cage

−0.059867

0.033352

105.113

−1.795

0.076

−0.125998

0.006264

 Cage2

0.003428

0.002369

91.358

1.447

0.151

−0.001277

0.008132

France

       

 Constant term

−69.668517

73.011026

423.181

−0.954

0.341

−213.177937

73.840903

 Year

0.041647

0.036362

423.171

1.145

0.253

−0.029825

0.113119

 Cage

−0.007736

0.019534

524.950

−0.396

0.692

−0.046111

0.030640

 Cage2

−0.000529

0.001375

513.572

−0.385

0.701

−0.003230

0.002172

Great Britain

 Constant term

−32.852390

202.043235

96.505

−.163

0.871

−433.878261

368.173481

 Year

0.023039

0.100666

96.499

0.229

0.819

−0.176769

0.222846

 Cage

0.057327

0.032752

62.676

1.750

0.085

−0.008129

0.122782

 Cage2

0.001266

0.003499

87.271

0.362

0.718

−0.005689

0.008220

Germany

       

 Constant term

−57.013601

61.704926

558.626

−0.924

0.356

−178.215628

64.188427

 Year

0.035049

0.030733

558.613

1.140

0.255

−0.025317

0.095415

 Cage

−0.018041

0.010289

360.049

−1.754

0.080

−0.038274

0.002192

 Cage2

−0.000917

0.000669

425.048

−1.370

0.172

−0.002232

0.000399

Italy

       

 Constant term

12.643951

134.413655

31.473

0.094

0.926

−261.327748

286.615651

 Year

0.001310

0.067007

31.470

0.020

0.985

−0.135269

0.137890

 Cage

0.004584

0.031623

33.197

0.145

0.886

−0.059740

0.068908

 Cage2

0.000926

0.001504

28.885

0.616

0.543

−0.002150

0.004002

Japan

       

 Constant term

−556.744907

324.548340

44.540

−1.715

0.093

−1210.605221

97.115408

 Year

0.284663

0.161722

44.521

1.760

0.085

−0.041159

0.610486

 Cage

0.002091

0.056456

36.733

0.037

0.971

−0.112328

0.116511

 Cage2

−0.001140

0.002306

47.736

−.494

0.623

−0.005776

0.003496

Switzerland

       

 Constant term

19.166945

16.359822

5730.128

1.172

0.241

−12.904491

51.238380

 Year

−0.001923

0.008148

5729.834

−0.236

0.813

−0.017896

0.014051

 Cage

0.000169

0.002164

3789.103

0.078

0.938

−0.004074

0.004412

 Cage2

−0.000271

0.000151

3903.532

−1.798

0.072

−0.000566

2.449756E−5

Canada

       

 Constant term

−84.838438

294.677013

21.509

−0.288

0.776

−696.771246

527.094370

 Year

0.049412

0.146619

21.493

0.337

0.739

−0.255073

0.353897

 Cage

−0.016467

0.105620

20.899

−0.156

0.878

−0.236180

0.203247

 Cage2

−0.005069

0.008542

26.178

−0.593

0.558

−0.022621

0.012484

Principality of Liechtenstein

 Constant term

134.396574

114.930718

8.628

1.169

0.274

−127.312878

396.106027

 Year

−0.058934

0.057365

8.641

−1.027

0.332

−0.189530

0.071661

 Cage

0.000824

0.052738

11.742

0.016

0.988

−0.114363

0.116012

 Cage2

−0.000182

0.005460

13.149

−0.033

0.974

−0.011963

0.011599

United States of America

 Constant term

147.793813

321.794557

36.803

0.459

0.649

−504.341821

799.929446

 Year

−0.067200

0.160260

36.789

−0.419

0.677

−0.391981

0.257581

 Cage

−0.041199

0.045279

39.863

−0.910

0.368

−0.132721

0.050323

 Cage2

−0.000791

0.001556

27.290

−0.508

0.615

−0.003983

0.002401

Belgium

       

 Constant term

832.877872

481.304102

14.000

1.730

0.106

−199.416758

1865.172502

 Year

−0.409025

0.239884

14.000

−1.705

0.110

−0.923525

0.105475

 Cage

0.113307

0.073728

14.000

1.537

0.147

−0.044823

0.271437

 Cage2

−0.008065

0.005950

14.000

−1.356

0.197

−0.020826

0.004695

Spain

       

 Constant term

578.599477

459.378710

18.000

1.260

0.224

−386.519821

1543.718775

 Year

−0.280844

0.228570

18.000

−1.229

0.235

−0.761053

0.199365

 Cage

0.085302

0.054009

9.306

1.579

0.148

−0.036264

0.206868

 Cage2

−0.006105

0.004734

8.582

−1.290

0.231

−0.016894

0.004684

Poland

       

 Constant term

−1007.316625

429.834844

14.000

−2.343

0.034

−1929.220678

−85.412573

 Year

0.507475

0.213730

14.000

2.374

0.032

0.049069

0.965881

 Cage

−0.022253

0.077353

14.000

−0.288

0.778

−0.188158

0.143652

 Cage2

0.001802

0.005561

14.000

0.324

0.751

−0.010126

0.013730

  1. Data for Non-African runners are sorted in order of the number of finishers of each country
  2. Cage centered age, Cage 2 centered age squared