Fig. 1

Histological investigations of the liver tissues. a, b Hemotoxylin and eosin-stained liver section of the control group (v vena sentralis, a X10, b X20). c, d Cynara scolymus leaf extract group (c, d X10). e–h CCl₄ group; vacuolisation (e thin arrow, X20) sinusoidal dilation (f arrow), intense degeneration, nodular types of cellular damage (g *) necrotic cells and pyknotic nuclei of necrotic cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm (h arrowhead) a hypertrophic cell structures (h black arrow, X40,100). i, j: Recovery group (i X20, j X40). k, l Curative group; partial degeneration (arrowhead) and sinusoidal dilation (arrow) were examined (k X10, l X20)