Fig. 3
Flowchart of trials with a one or b multiple classes of target-directed agents in the investigational arm. aOne of the standard therapy options possible. In early (adjuvant and/or neoadjuvant) trials, standard therapy (including ET) may have been required before, during or after the investigational treatment and either before or after surgery. bTrials of HER2 vaccines that included patients with high levels (overexpression) of HER2 (in addition to patients with low and intermediate HER2 levels) were categorized under “HER2-positive” while those that did not include patients overexpressing HER2 were categorized under “Other”. Note: When present, non-T-D (including chemotherapy) agents were omitted from the investigational regimen short description. AA anti-angiogenic, AMPKi AMPK inhibitor, ASCI Antigen-Specific Cancer Immunotherapeutic, Bisph bisphosphonates, BRCA + BRCA-positive, CDK4/6i cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor, c-KITi c-KIT (and BCR/Abl and Src or PDGFR) inhibitor, dual T-D experimental regimens containing two target-directed agents, EGFRi epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor, ET endocrine therapy, FGFRi fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitor, FPTi farnesyl protein transferase inhibitor, GpNMB glycoprotein NMB, HDACi histone deacetylase inhibitor, HER2 + human epidermal growth factor receptor-positive, HER2i human epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor, HR + hormone receptor-positive, Hsp90i, heat shock protein 90 inhibitor, IAPi inhibitor of apoptosis inhibitor, IDOi IDO pathway inhibitor, IGF(R)i insulin growth factor (receptor) inhibitor, MEK/MAPK/ERKi MEK or MAPK/ERK inhibitor, mono-class experimental regimens containing only one class of target-directed agents, mTORi mammalian target of rapamycin pathway inhibitor, multi-class experimental regimens containing more than one class of target-directed agents, PARPi poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, PI3Ki phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor, Smo smoothened, SRCi SRC kinase family inhibitor, T-D target-directed therapy, TN triple-negative