Fig. 2

Change in noradrenaline dose required during left ventricular assist device implantation in patients who received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) compared with those who did not. All data are expressed as mean (filled symbols) ± SD (bars). The filled circles and solid line represents the non-ECMO group, and the filled triangles and dotted line represents the ECMO group. ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, NAD noradrenaline, CPB cardiopulmonary bypass. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01