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Table 1 List of coping strategies [internal (ICS) and external (ECS) coping strategies]

From: Coping strategies among adolescents with chronic headache and mental health problems: a cross-sectional population-based study

 

N (%)

ICS 1—Keep painful thoughts and feelings inside

No

15,875 (84.5)

Yes

2919 (15.5)

ICS 2—Work more with other things to avoid thinking bad thoughts

No

14,106 (75.3)

Yes

4615 (24.7)

ICS 3—Using abusive substances when having bad thoughts or feelings

No

17,809 (95.8)

Yes

772 (4.2)

ICS 4—Try to talk oneself out of problems

No

16,574 (89.0)

Yes

2044 (11.0)

ECS 1—Visit health care service when having bad thoughts or feelings

No

18,225 (98.4)

Yes

301 (1.6)

ECS 2—Speak with family when having bad thoughts or feelings

No

14,256 (75.6)

Yes

4600 (24.4)

ECS 3—Speak with friends when having bad thoughts or feelings

No

9355 (49.1)

Yes

9693 (50.9)

  1. No is defined as either not true or somewhat true, whereas yes is equivalent to certainly true