Application of ionomics to plant and soil in fields under long-term fertilizer trials

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Table 2 Correlation coefficients between concentrations of elements in soil and maize leaves

Soil analysis procedure	N	P	K	Ca	Mg	Fe	Mn	Zn	Cu	Mo	B	Li	Na	Al	Cr	Co	Ni	As	Cd	Sr	Ba	Cs
0.1 M HCl extraction	–	0.828^†	0.834^†	0.329	0.062	−0.612	0.910*	−0.148	0.643	−0.693	0.266	−0.653	0.566	−0.134	−0.313	−0.261	−0.419	0.261	0.773	0.247	0.061	–
1 M HCl extraction	–	0.813^†	0.826^†	0.307	0.388	−0.277	0.731	0.177	0.179	−0.328	0.454	0.529	0.687	−0.101	−0.542	−0.198	−0.475	0.319	0.673	0.276	0.392	–
Water extraction	–	0.708	0.823^†	0.594	−0.224	−0.262	0.861^†	0.471	−0.754	–	0.455	−0.408	0.490	−0.038	−0.780	−0.165	−0.682	0.149	0.927*	0.123	0.124	0.914*
Acetic acid extraction	–	0.734	0.828^†	0.335	0.068	0.010	0.694	−0.040	−0.355	–	0.083	−0.598	0.530	−0.073	−0.296	0.181	−0.591	0.074	0.863^†	0.026	0.026	0.985**
Ammonium acetate extraction	–	0.662	0.866^†	0.118	0.020	0.897*	0.663	0.018	0.584	–	–	−0.428	0.572	0.122	0.122	0.248	−0.366	0.237	0.82^†	0.377	0.133	0.976**
HNO₃ digestion	–	0.802	0.785	0.348	−0.211	−0.764	0.628	0.818^†	0.377	−0.541	−0.278	0.258	0.719	−0.145	−0.027	0.563	0.020	−0.506	0.721	0.276	0.637	0.710
Conventional method^a	0.928*	0.837^†	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–