From: Stress analysis of parallel oil and gas steel pipelines in inclined tunnels
Loading conditions | Representation in CAESAR II | Stress type | Maximum stress value (MPa) | Location | Average stress value (MPa) | Stress check value (MPa) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Operating case of gas pipeline | W + P1 + T1 | Peak stress | 362.21 | Bend 2 | 285.57 | 551 × 0.9 = 495.90 |
Sustained case of gas pipeline | W + P1 | Primary stress | 245.39 | Fixed pier 1 | 234.70 | 551 × 0.75 = 413.25 |
Expansion case of gas pipeline | T1 | Secondary stress | 169.58 | Bend 2 | 107.36 | 551 × 0.72 = 396.72 |
Pigging case of gas pipeline | W + P1 + T1 + F1 | Peak stress | 362.71 | Bend 2 | 285.57 | 551 × 0.9 = 495.90 |
Pressure test case of gas pipeline | WW + T3 + HP | Peak stress | 378.45 | Bend 3 | 358.03 | 551 × 0.9 = 495.90 |