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Table 5 Response of protection scheme for variation in fault resistance with La = 35 km and Φi = 60º

From: An improved fault detection classification and location scheme based on wavelet transform and artificial neural network for six phase transmission line using single end data only

Fault type

Fault resistance (Rf) in ohms

La (actual location) in km

Output of proposed classifier

Relay operation time (ms)

Lf (estimated location) in km

Error (%)

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

cg

135

35

0

0

0.99

0

0

0

1

9.996

34.661

−0.499

dg

120

35

0

0

0

1

0

0

1

6.664

34.911

−0.131

e.g.

99

35

0

0

0

0

1

0

1

7.497

34.738

−0.385

bdg

95

35

0

1

0

1

0

0

1

6.664

35.170

0.250

bdeg

85

35

0

1

0

1

1

0

1

6.664

35.279

0.410

abcdg

35

35

1

1

1

1

0

0

1

9.996

35.206

0.303

abdefg

25

35

1

1

0

1

1

1

1

9.996

34.904

−0.141

abcdefg

3

35

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

6.664

35.406

0.597