Table 3 Response of protection scheme for remote phase(s) to ground faults with Φi = 90º, Rf = 99 Ω and remote phase(s) to phase fault with Φi = 45º, Rf = 0 Ω respectively
Fault type | La (actual location) in km | Output of classifier | Relay operation Time (ms) | Lf (estimated location) in km | Error (%) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
a | b | c | d | e | f | g | |||||
ag | 67.8 | 0.99 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.99 | 12.495 | 68.188 | 0.571 |
abg | 67.9 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.99 | 11.662 | 68.266 | 0.538 |
aceg | 66 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5.831 | 65.778 | −0.326 |
acdeg | 67 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0 | 1 | 11.662 | 66.596 | −0.594 |
acdefg | 66 | 0.99 | 0 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 11.662 | 65.738 | −0.385 |
abcdefg | 67 | 0.96 | 0.82 | 0.98 | 0.93 | 0.99 | 0.93 | 0.96 | 9.996 | 66.877 | −0.181 |
ae | 66 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 9.996 | 66.020 | 0.029 |
abd | 67 | 1 | 0.99 | 0 | 0.99 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11.662 | 66.551 | −0.660 |
abdf | 66 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 8.33 | 65.817 | −0.269 |
abcef | 67 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 8.33 | 67.381 | 0.560 |
abcdef | 66 | 1 | 0.99 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 7.497 | 65.794 | −0.303 |