Table 1 Body composition and cardiovascular data before and after the experimental period

No.

C

8

-

-

-

-

I

8

-

Age, y

C

42 ± 3

-

-

-

-

I

45 ± 4

-

Height, cm

C

172.3 ± 2.0

172.0 ± 2.0

F = 0.014

F = 0.636

F = 4.302

I

172.4 ± 1.8

172.5 ± 1.8

P = 0.908

P = 0.438

P = 0.057

Body weight, kg

C

68.2 ± 2.5

68.5 ± 2.5

F = 0.171

F = 0.083

F = 2.870

I

69.9 ± 2.2

69.5 ± 2.1

P = 0.685

P = 0.778

P = 0.112

Body mass index, kg/m²

C

23.0 ± 0.8

23.1 ± 0.8

F = 0.138

F = 0.115

F = 2.830

I

23.6 ± 0.9

23.4 ± 0.8

P = 0.716

P = 0.740

P = 0.115

Body fat, %

C

18.7 ± 1.3

18.6 ± 1.2

F = 1.007

F = 0.284

F = 0.339

I

20.7 ± 2.2

21.3 ± 1.9

P = 0.333

P = 0.602

P = 0.570

Lean body mass, kg

C

55.3 ± 1.3

55.5 ± 1.4

F = 0.087

F = 0.333

F = 1.471

I

55.2 ± 1.6

54.5 ± 1.1

P = 0.772

P = 0.573

P = 0.245

HR, beats/min

C

61 ± 2

59 ± 3

F = 0.772

F = 2.799

F = 0.465

I

66 ± 6

62 ± 3

P = 0.394

P = 0.116

P = 0.507

Systolic BP, mmHg

C

129 ± 5

133 ± 3

F = 3.713

F = 2.630

F = 0.006

I

119 ± 4

123 ± 3

P = 0.075

P = 0.127

P = 0.940

Diastolic BP, mmHg

C

84 ± 4

87 ± 4

F = 2.444

F = 1.362

F = 0.695

I

78 ± 3

79 ± 2

P = 0.140

P = 0.263

P = 0.419

Mean BP, mmHg

C

99 ± 4

102 ± 3

F = 2.601

F = 0.887

F = 2.016

I

94 ± 3

93 ± 2

P = 0.129

P = 0.362

P = 0.178

Pulse pressure, mmHg

C

44 ± 3

46 ± 2

F = 0.509

F = 2.215

F = 0.181

I

41 ± 3

44 ± 3

P = 0.487

P = 0.159

P = 0.677

Handgrip strength, kg

C

45.3 ± 1.8

44.6 ± 1.6

F = 0.217

F < 0.001

F = 0.521

I

43.6 ± 2.0

44.3 ± 1.1

P = 0.648

P = 0.986

P = 0.482

Handgrip strength, N/kg

C

6.5 ± 0.2

6.4 ± 0.3

F = 1.032

F = 0.059

F = 1.087

I

6.1 ± 0.2

6.3 ± 0.2

P = 0.327

P = 0.812

P = 0.315