Table 1 Summary of laboratory trials with potential chemical control compounds for invasive American bullfrogs, using dorsally sprayed solutions
Chemical control compound (concentration) | n | Body weight | Deaths | Percent mortality | Time to death (h) | Efficacy compared to control | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (kg) | SE | Χ 2 1 | P | |||||
Chloroxylenol (5 %) | 5 | 0.28 | 0.01 | 5 | 100 | <2 | 10.00 | 0.008 |
Rotenone (1 %) and permethrin (4.6 %) | 5 | 0.30 | 0.02 | 5 | 100 | <2 | 10.00 | 0.008 |
Caffeine (10 %) | 5 | 0.39 | 0.03 | 5 | 100 | <16 | 10.00 | 0.008 |
Rotenone (1 %) | 5 | 0.31 | 0.02 | 2 | 40 | <43 | 2.50 | 0.444 |
Permethrin (4.6 %) | 5 | 0.37 | 0.01 | 2 | 40 | <72 | 2.50 | 0.444 |
Calcium hydroxide (6 %) | 5 | 0.39 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA | NA |
Citric acid (16 %) | 5 | 0.39 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA | NA |
Potassium bicarbonate (18 %) | 5 | 0.29 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA | NA |
Sodium bicarbonate (15 %) | 5 | 0.42 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA | NA |
Sodium benzoate (15 %) | 5 | 0.40 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA | NA |
Control (water) | 10 | 0.33 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA | NA |