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Fig. 6 | SpringerPlus

Fig. 6

From: Simultaneous quantification of salivary 3-hydroxybutyrate, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate, 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyrate, and 2-hydroxybutyrate as possible markers of amino acid and fatty acid catabolic pathways by LC–ESI–MS/MS

Fig. 6

Concentrations of 3HB, 3HIB, 3HMB, and 2HB in cell culture media after addition of precursor compounds. a AML12 cells were treated with 200 µM palmitic acid or 200 µM palmitic acid plus 100 µM fenofibrate for 24 h. 3HB concentrations were compared with that in untreated cells. b Myotubes were treated with 2 mM VAL, LEU or ILE for 24 h. 3HIB and 3HMB concentrations were compared with those in untreated cells. c AML12 cells were treated with 2 mM MET plus SER, cystathionine, THR or αKB for 24 h, and 2HB concentrations were compared among these conditions. Palmitic A palmitic acid. See legends of Figs. 1, 2, and 3 for other abbreviations. Data are from four independent experiments and are shown as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis by one-way ANOVA multiple comparison and a post hoc Bonferroni multiple comparison test. † P < 0.001. All ANOVA P values were <0.0001

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