From: Exercise training improves heart rate recovery in women with breast cancer
Trained group (n = 25) | P-value | Control group (n = 26) | P-value | Differences in changes between groups | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 1-year | Baseline | 1-year | ||||
Anthropometrics | |||||||
Waist circumference (cm) | 94 ± 15 | 90 ± 13 | 0.005 | 94 ± 12 | 95 ± 12 | 0.88 | <0.001 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.3 ± 5.2 | 26.6 ± 4.9 | 0.02 | 28.2 ± 4.8 | 28.3 ± 5.4 | 0.67 | <0.001 |
Metabolic and hormonal profile | |||||||
Glycemia (mg/dl) | 93.5 ± 12.5 | 92.8 ± 13 | 0.61 | 92.2 ± 15.5 | 90.6 ± 18.1 | 0.63 | 0.44 |
Insulin (ng/ml) | 7.8 ± 4.0 | 8.0 ± 5.0 | 0.74 | 8.2 ± 2.2 | 7.9 ± 3.1 | 0.71 | 0.88 |
HOMA index | 1.739 ± 1.403 | 1.822 ± 0.629 | 0.51 | 1.925 ± 0.908 | 1.825 ± 0.477 | 0.61 | 0.77 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 205 ± 34 | 200 ± 29 | 0.66 | 203 ± 32 | 210 ± 26 | 0.42 | 0.62 |
LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 126 ± 35 | 122 ± 30 | 0.36 | 123 ± 29 | 126 ± 35 | 0.22 | 0.29 |
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 54.3 ± 11.6 | 55.5 ± 9.7 | 0.78 | 54.8 ± 12.7 | 50.1 ± 8.7 | 0.19 | 0.52 |
Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 100 ± 43 | 108 ± 42 | 0.53 | 109 ± 52 | 119 ± 46 | 0.60 | 0.41 |
Testosterone (nmol/l) | 0.36 ± 0.36 | 0.40 ± 0.16 | 0.21 | 0.38 ± 0.26 | 0.33 ± 0.19 | 0.49 | 0.42 |
Cardiopulmonary parameters | |||||||
VO2peak (ml/kg/min) | 12.6 ± 3.0 | 14.5 ± 3.3 | <0.001 | 12.8 ± 2.5 | 12.6 ± 2.8 | 0.55 | <0.001 |
O2-pulse (ml/kg/min/beat-1) | 6.2 ± 1.2 | 6.9 ± 1.2 | <0.001 | 6.0 ± 1.4 | 6.2 ± 1.2 | 0.39 | <0.001 |
VE/VCO2slope | 29.7 ± 4.4 | 30.9 ± 3.9 | 0.12 | 30.1 ± 3.8 | 31.3 ± 4.9 | 0.46 | 0.44 |
Autonomic function | |||||||
Heart rate recovery | 17.6 ± 6.4 | 23.0 ± 8.3 | <0.001 | 16.4 ± 7.7 | 17.4 ± 7.8 | 0.35 | <0.001 |