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Figure 1

From: Low-molecular-weight chitosan scavenges methylglyoxal and N ε-(carboxyethyl)lysine, the major factors contributing to the pathogenesis of nephropathy

Figure 1

Inhibitory effects of lmw-chitosan on MG in vitro and in vivo. a Lmw-chitosan binds to MG and decreases the level of MG in vitro. The inhibition curve of lmw-chitosan on MG binding is shown. The concentration necessary to achieve 50% inhibition was 4.60 µg mL−1, n = 3. b Group C represents the control group. Group A was induced by AA (10 mg kg−1 day−1) for 5 days. Group AM represents lmw-chitosan-treated AAN mice. Group M represents normal mice treated with lmw-chitosan. MG levels were observed to increase in AAN mice; however, this increase is reversed in lmw-chitosan-treated AAN mice. *p < 0.05, compared to Group C; # p < 0.05, compared to Group A, n = 5–6.

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