Figure 2
From: Ureteral stents should be soaked for several minutes before placement
Results of optical WCA measurements (mean values ± SD) on various surfaces. #1: uncoated polyurethane reference; #2–6, #10B and #11: commercially available “hydrophilic” stents. #7–9, #10A: differently composed experimental coatings. Stent types are sorted according to increasing difference between “fresh” and “soaked” contact angle [italic numbers on top of bars in (%)]. Star mean value difference is statistically significant with p ≤ 0.01. Dashed line at 90° marks the hydrophobic–hydrophilic threshold (Yuan and Lee 2013).